2.4 CELULAR RESPIRATION Flashcards
• Active site
the area on the enzyme where the substrate will bind to it
Allosteric inhibition
occurs when the binding of an inhibitor to the enzyme’s regulatory site triggers a conformational change that’ll decrease the affinity for substrate at other active sites
Cellular respiration
location? formula? input? output? net yield?
the process by which cells metabolize glucose to produce ATP (energy) for metabolic activity in an organism
location: mitochondria
formula: C6H12O6+ O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP (energy)
inputs: Glucose, oxygen
output: Carbon dioxide, water, energy (ATP)
net yield: 34 ATP per glucose molecule
Coenzyme A
composed of adenosine triphosphate (ATP – the fuel bodies run on), cysteine (an amino acid), and pantothenic acid (vitamin B-5).
Committed step
The first irreversible reaction is the phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
- Thus, it is highly appropriate for phosphofructokinase to be the primary control site in glycolysis.
Cytoplasm
the fluid that fills the cell, which includes the cytosol along with filaments, proteins, ions and macromolecular structures as well as the organelles suspended in the cytosol.
Feedback inhibition
the product of the late reaction in a metabolic pathway will inhibit the continuation of that particular pathway
Energy payoff
steps 1-5 of glycolysis in which two molecules of ATP are consumed to donate phosphate groups
Glucose oxidation
the process by which glucose gets oxidizes to carbon dioxide
FADH2
this coenzyme acts as a high-energy electron carrier used to transport electrons generated in Glycolysis and Krebs Cycle to the Electron Transport Chain.
Mitochondria
hjb
Mitochondrial matrix
mvbn
NAD+
/NADH
hjb
Glycolysis
the breakdown process of a glucose molecule to ultimately form energy in the form of ATP within cells
Inner mitochondrial membrane
this s the structure where the intermembrane structure can be found within it