Lecture 11 Pacific Flashcards
Polynesia
Many islands
Triangle (NZ, Hawaii, Easter island)
Samoa, Tonga, Cook Islands, Tuvalu, Tokelau, Niue, French poly.
Melanesia
Black islands
Solomon island, Fiji, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia.
Micronesia
Small coral islands
Palau, Kiribati, Marshall islands, Federated states of micronesia, Nauru.
COMMON MISREPRESENTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH PACIFIC PEOPLES AND THE PACIFIC REGION
Utopia and Dystopian representations
Bombs in Marshall islands
DIVERSITY OF THE PACIFIC: (PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, CULTURAL, ECONOMICAL AND POLITICAL ENVIRONMENTS)
Climate & weather: frosts, tsunamis, cyclones, typhoons, floods and drought (2013 Ailuk Atoll Marshall islands).
sandy atolls to high volcanic mountains, atolls, lagoons (Palau, Micronesia)
Rural, urban
Flora, fauna,
climate change (sea level rise)
Dive caves (solomon islands)
DIVERSITY OF THE PACIFIC
Culture, languages, art, tourism, sports
Waitaki Tongan Community 2012
Trobriand cricket
Kilikiti (samoan cricket)
e.g.Papua New Guinea 1/3 world’s languages (780).
A HISTORY OF PACIFIC MIGRATION
Pre-history
Ancestral journeys
Traditions
Voyaging and trade traditions
Pre-European journeys
- Exchange e.g. Trobriands
- Marriage partners
- Initiations
EARLY MOVEMENTS
Force (war, slavery, indenture, religion)
Natural hazards (cyclones, earthquakes, changing sea levels)
Resources, trade e.g. Kula Ring
Resistance e.g. to missions, other tribes
Separation/independence e.g. Kiribati and Tuvalu (Gilbert & Ellis)
KULA MIGRATIONS
Trade a key reason for mobility (what do they trade?)
Obsidian, string bags, pottery, salt, taro, pigs and whales teeth, dogs, shells
Human movements
marriage partners
initiation rites e.g. seclusion, fasting, hardship, daring feats
worship e.g. to temples (marae or vanaa) in French Polynesia, and war.
Definition MODERN MIGRATION
The United Nations (UN):
movement of people from one place to another, Permanent move from home for over 1 year.
Migration
Permanent move to a new location
Emigration
Migration from a location
Immigration
Migration to a location
WHY DO PEOPLE MIGRATE?
Push & Pull Factors
Economic
Environmental
Socio-cultural