Lecture 11: Major Minerals

Question 1

List the major minerals

Answer 1

Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulfur

Question 2

Factors that affect the bioavailability of minerals

Answer 2

-quality of soil
-taking vitamins
-GI disorders
-Chemicals in plants

Question 3

Why vegetarian diets might increase risk of deficiency

Answer 3

chemicals in plants
-oxalates (spinach): iron and calcium
-Tannins (red wine, teas): iron
-Phytates (whole grains): zine, iron, calcium

Question 4

role of phosphorus in the body

Answer 4

-cell membranes
-ATP production
-Acid-base balance
-strong bones

Question 5

Importance of sulphur in diet

Answer 5

sources: protein foods
-structure or vitamins, amino acids, acid-base balance

Question 6

Methionine and cysteine

Answer 6

contain sulphur, antioxidants

Question 7

Thiamin and biotin

Answer 7

regulate acidity in the body

Question 8

process of bone remodelling

Answer 8

Bone deposition: increased blood calcium, osteoblasts synthesize and deposit new bone tissue

Bone resorption: osteoblasts broken down and remove old or damaged bone tissue

Question 9

How does the body regulate blood calcium levels

Answer 9

through parathyroid hormones and calcitonin

Question 10

Osteoporosis risk factors

Answer 10

-biological sex
-age
-race
-family
-exercise
-diet