Lecture 11 - Leg Muscles Flashcards
What are the proximal and distal attachment points of the ILIOPSOAS?
Proximal: anterior lumbar vertebrae
Distal: Medial: proximal femur
What is the function of the ILIOPSOAS?
hip flexion
trunk flexion
What are the 3 gluteus muscles?
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
What are the proximal and distal attachments of the GLUTEUS MAXIMUS?
Proximal: outer surface of the iluim & sacrum
Distal: Posterior, proximal femur
What is the function of the GLUTEUS MAXIMUS? (give examples)
hip extension (when climbing stairs), pelvis tilkts backwards (flattening of the back)
What are the proximal attachments of the GLUTEUS MEDIUS & MINIMUS?
Proximal: Outer surface of ilium
Distal: lateral proximal femur
What is the function of the GLUTEUS MEDIUS & MINIMUS?
Hip abduction
What are the attachment points of the ADDUCTORS?
Proximal: Pubis
Distal: Medial side of femur
What is the function of the ADDUCTORS?
hip adduction
What are the 4 muscles of the QUADRICEPS FEMORIS (QUADS)?
Rectus femoris
Vastus intermedius
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Medialis
What are the attachment points of the 3 VASTUS muscles of the QUADS?
Proximal: Proximal femur (all around)
Disal: anterior proximal tibia (tibial tuberosity)
What is the function of the QUADS?
knee extension
What are the extension points of the RECTUS FEMORIS muscle of the QUADS?
Proximal: Anterior Ilium
Distal: anterior proximal tibia (tibial tuberosity)
What is the function of the RECTUS FEMORIS and what muscle group is it in?
knee extension and hip flextion.
1 of 4 quadricep muscles
What functions do the HAMSTRINGS have?
hip extension knee flexion (crosses knee)
Which muscles move the femur and tibia on the back of the leg?
the hamstrings
What are the attachment points of the HAMSTRINGS?
Proximal: ischial tuberosity
Distal: posterior proximal tibia, medial & lateral
What two movements are involved in kicking a ball forward?
hip flexion
knee extension
Which muscles are involved in hip flexion?
iliopsoas
rectus femorus
what muscles are involved in knee extension?
all quads: rectus femorus vastus medialis vastus lateralis vastus intermedius
What movements are involved in stepping up a step (lifting the leg phase)?
Hip flexion
knee flexion
What muscles are involved in knee flexion?
hamstrings
What movements are involved in stepping up a step (stand phase)?
hip extension
knee extension
What muscles are involved in hip extension?
gluteus maximus
hamstrings
What movements are involved when lifting legs up when lying on back?
knee extension
hip flexion
What are the two ankle movements?
Plantar Flexion (point foot, heels raised) Dorsiflexion (toes up, heels down)
What muscles are used in plantar flexion?
Gastrocnemius, soleus
What muscle is used in dorsiflexion?
Tibialis anterior
What are the attachment points of the TIBIALIS ANTERIOR?
Proximal: anterior proximal 2/3 or tibia
Distal: Top of 1st metatarsal
What are the attachment points of the GASTROCNEMIUS?
Proximal: posterior (medial and lateral), distal femur
Distal: calcaneus
What are the two functions of the GASTROCNEMIUS?
plantar flexion
knee extension
Where is the SOLEUS located?
beneath the gastrocnemius
What are the attachment points of the SOLEUS?
Proximal: posterior proximal tibia
Distal: Calcaneus
