LECTURE #11 - cleft lip and palate Flashcards
what is craniofacial abnormality ?
- An abnormality of the face and/or head
- Abnormal growth patterns in soft tissue and bones
what is a cleft ?
Abnormal opening in an anatomical structure
what are clefts due to ?
due to disruption in embryological (prenatal) development (usually follows normal embryological fusion lines)
what is a cleft lip and/or palate ?
- craniofacial anomaly/abnormality (congenital malformation involving head and face)
- elongated opening, resulting from failure of parts
of mouth to fuse or merge
when do clefts occur ?
in utero during 1st trimester of pregnancy
what do clefts interfere with ?
interferes with basic biological functioning and communication
those with clefts, what are they at risk of ?
At risk for problems with aesthetics, feeding, speech, resonance and hearing
what are facial embryology ?
Development of face/ anterior aspects of mouth occurs during embryonic period (5-8 weeks gestation)
in normal development, what happens with facial embryology ?
in normal development, facial tissues and bones grow toward midline and lips fuse together
when do lips and soft palate fuses in palatal embryology ?
- Lips fuse ~ week 6
- soft palate fuses by week 12
what is palatal embryology ?
- 8-12 weeks gestation: Lip and palate meet at midline and develop from front (lip) to back (uvula)
- Degree of clefting related to
amount of embryonic
damage to lip and palate
FILL IN THE BLANK
cleft lip and palate occurs in __ of every 750 live births
1
how common are different occurrence by type ?
- Cleft of lip and palate = 50%
- Cleft of lip = 25%
- Cleft of palate = 25%
TRUE OR FALSE
cleft lip and palate varies according to racial group ?
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
cleft lip and palate varies according to sex ?
TRUE
what sex is more common to have a cleft of lip with or without cleft palate ?
2:1 males to females
what sex is more common to have isolated cleft palate ?
2:1 females to males
how many disorders of cleft lip ?
5
what are the 5 disorders of cleft lip ?
- Unilateral cleft lip
- Bilateral cleft lip
- Complete cleft lip
- Incomplete cleft lip
- Microform cleft
what is a unilateral cleft lip :
A gap or split on one side of the upper lip
what is a bilateral cleft lip ?
A gap or split on both sides of the upper lip
what is a complete cleft lip ?
A split in the lip that extends up into the nose, going through the entire thickness of the lip.
what is a incomplete cleft lip ?
A split in the lip that doesn’t reach the nose and only goes partway through the thickness of the lip.
what is a microform cleft ?
A very mild form of cleft lip, often looking like a small notch or slight indentation in the lip without a full gap
what is a vermilion ?
is the reddish part of your lips—the area that transitions between the skin of your face and the inner mucous membrane of your mouth. It’s the part of the lips that usually stands out in color and is what we typically think of as the “lip” itself.
YES OR NO
with cleft lip and palate disorders can you have flattened nose, flaring nostril ?
YES
what is the “Columella”?
the tissue that connects the nasal tip to the nasal base, and separates the nostrils
what is the most common disorder of the cleft lip and palate ?
left unilateral
