Lecture 11: Automotive UI Flashcards
Name and describe the three types of Driving Tasks in Manual Driving
Primary Tasks
operational driving tasks
(navigation, steering, acceleration
Secondary Tasks
indirect driving related tasks (checking speedometer, indicators, …)
Tertiary Tasks
additional tasks (comfort functions, entertainment, communication)
What are the top 5 Non-Driving Related Activities (NDRA)?
- Listening to music
- Watching out of the window & relax
- Conversations with other passengers
- Exchanging text messages
- Eating and drinking
List sources of Driver Distraction
Visual Distraction
○ Driver’s visual field is blocked by objects
○ Driver focuses on another visual target, such as an in-car route navigation system
○ Loss of visual “attentiveness” , “looked, but did not see”
Auditory Distraction
Biomechanical (Physical) Distraction
○ Remove one or both hands from the steering wheel
Cognitive Distraction
○ E.g. talking on a mobile phone, operate in-vehicle devices (navigation systems, talking to a passenger, …)
What does BYOD stands for? What are possibilites and challanges?
Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)
Integration of third party hardware into the car and/or infrastructure (OBD- Interface, aftermarket HUDs) and HMI (Apple Carplay / Android Auto) or HMDs
Possibilities:
outsourcing of CPU power, always up to date, easy replacement
Challenges:
distracting interactions during the ride, devices not prepared for the car
There are some approaches how to integrate mobile devices into a vehicle. What are the resulting advantages and disadvantes of “Mirroring” and “In-Vehicle information systems”?
List current and future Input Modalities of cars.
Haptic
● Direct Manipulation (knobs, sliders, steering wheel, …)
● Touch (touch screens & pads)
Gestures
● Hand movement (volume, temperature …)
● Body language (seating position, body posture)
Physiological Data / Affective Computing
● E.g. heart rate (variability), skin conductivity
● Emotions
Speech
● Natural Language Interaction
Gaze
● Attention Detection
● Context Information (instruction)
Multimodality (e.g., speech+touch+gesture)
● Alternatives
● (Temporal) cascading
Which output modalities can you imagine for a car?
Visual
Screens, Ambient Light, HMDs, Laser Matrix (On-Street Projection)
Auditory
● Earcons (distinct sound icon)
● Spearcons (short speech icon)
● Natural Language (Voice Assistants)
Haptic
● Vibration (Lane Exceedance)
● Shape Change (reconfigurable UI)
What are best practices of designing a automotive UI?
Best practices:
● consider level of automation (L0-L5)
● regard situational awareness
● offer multiple input modalities
● make interaction as natural as possible
● consider the user
What are overall goals of the European Statement of Principles on HMI for In-vehicle-Information?
Overall Goals
● No potential hazard for the driver
● No distraction or visual entertainment
● No information which results to
hazardous behavior
● Consistent and compatible HMI
Name (ESoP) Examples of Principles
If we compare “normal” interfaces with automotive interfaces, what do we respectively measure?
Fill in the gaps of the following pictrue regarding “environmental setting for evaluation in automotive driving”.
List some dependent variables if we examine a automotive UI in a study.
Driving performance
Workload
Ergonomics
User satisfaction
Briefly describe how a Lane Change Task would work.
Task:
▪ change lane according to sign
▪ Constant velocity: e.g. 60km/h
▪ A sign approx. every 150m
Analysis
▪ Record driven line
▪ Compare with ideal line
▪ Calculate mean deviation
How can we measure workload?
Ask the driver
Physiological Measurement
Tasks
Describe how a Peripheral Detection Task would work
List examples of Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS)
Fill inside the picture regarding levels of automation:
Fill inside of the figure regarding Take-Over Request:
