Lecture 10

Question 1

Net Output of glycolysis

Answer 1

2 ATP ( 4 output but 2 input), 2 Pyruvate, 2 NADH (4 electrons), 2 water

Question 2

Net inputs of glycolysis

Answer 2

Glucose, [4ADP, phosphate, 2NAD+, (2 ATP required)]

Question 3

Glycolysis is the…

Answer 3

Investment phase

Question 4

Glycolysis takes place in the…

Answer 4

Cytosol

Question 5

How many Carbons in pyruvate?

Answer 5

3

Question 6

T/F?
In glycolysis, Glucose is Oxidized

Answer 6

True, oxidized by NAD+, however Glucose is not fully oxidized yet because it is not broken down to CO2

Question 7

Pyruvate Oxidation happens in…

Answer 7

Mitochondrial matrix

Question 8

Mitochondria has how many membranes

Answer 8

2

Question 9

how many full oxidations happen in Pyruvate oxidation per Pyruvate

Answer 9

1, 1 CO2 is made because two more electrons are pulled out by NAD+ to become NADH

Question 10

after Pyruvate Oxidation, how many carbons are left in each pyruvate

Answer 10

2 carbons left, attached to CO-enzyme A to form acetyl Co-A

Question 11

what does Co enzyme A help do?

Answer 11

Catalyze the next step of the reaction

Question 12

Do prokaryotes do these processes?

Answer 12

Yes, they just don’t need to transfer them into another organelle

Question 13

Order of processes

Answer 13

Glycolysis->Pyruvate Oxidation->citric acid cycle-> oxidative phosphorylation

Question 14

Outputs of Citric acid cycle

Answer 14

-4 NADH
-1 ATP
-1 FADH2
-2 CO2

• x2 because of glucose

Question 15

what happens in the citric acid cycle?

Answer 15

CO2 made, electrons captured, some ATP made.

Question 16

Is glucose fully oxidized at the end of Citric acid cycle?

Answer 16

Yes, 2 are lost in Pyruvate oxidation, 4 are lost in citric acid cycle

Question 17

Where does Citric acid cycle happen

Answer 17

Mitochondrial matrix

Question 18

Where does oxidation phosphorylation happen

Answer 18

Mitochondria, Electron carriers NADH, travel along inner membrane ETC

Question 19

As electron carriers transfer along ETC, they…

Answer 19

lose energy to pump Hydrogen ions across the membrane

Question 20

What do the high concentration of Hydrogen ions do

Answer 20

They are pumped through ATP synthase to make ATP, Sticks phosphate groups back on ADP with a motion energy

Question 21

How much ATP is generated by Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 21

ATP synthase uses energy from H+ to make 26-28 ATP

Question 22

what happens to the hydrogen ions that go in

Answer 22

-Reduces O2 to make water
-some is pumped back out of membrane

Question 23

Hydrogen ____ in, and ____ out

Answer 23

diffuses, pumped

Question 24

How much total ATP is made per glucose

Answer 24

30-32

Question 25

Purpose of all these processes?

Answer 25

produce ATP but mostly Oxidize glucose and gain electrons

Question 26

Why does NADH produce more ATP

Answer 26

it introduces electrons to the ETC earlier in the process, thus giving more Hydrogen ions

Question 27

What is the final electron acceptor

Answer 27

O2

Question 28

what is the only difference in Anaerobic repiration

Answer 28

The final E-acceptor, Aerobic uses O2, Anaerobic uses other things

Question 29

In the citric acid cycle, ATP molecules are produced by _____.

Answer 29

substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 30

Where do the following take place:

Glycolysis
acetyl CoA formation
citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 30

Glycolysis - cytosol
acetyl CoA formation - mitochondrial matrix
citric acid cycle - mitochondrial matrix
Oxidative phosphorylation - inner mitochondrial membrane