Lecture 10

Question 1

true or false: smallpox was used by the conquistadores to mess up the indigenous peeps

Answer 1

true

Question 2

basic infos about poxviruses

Answer 2

*Enveloped
*“brick” shaped
*200-250x250x300 nm
*Genome: dsDNA
130-300 kb
linear

Question 3

true or false: variola comes from monkeys

Answer 3

false it comes from humans

Question 4

where does monkey pox comes from

Answer 4

rodents

Question 5

what was used to make the small pox vaccine

Answer 5

vaccinia

Question 6

what was the fatality rate of smallpox and how did it get there

Answer 6

-10-30%
-infection: droplet, aerosol, skin-skin
-incubation 7-17 days
-fever
3-4 days
-enanthem 2 days: skin lesions in mouth and membranes
-exanthem 12-32 days rash all over
systemic: in orgfans and various tissues=you pretty much will die

Question 7

edward jenner and his weird vaccine

Answer 7

-he heard about milk maids that got skin lesions on their hands from cows infected with cow pox, but they never got small pox
-he took pus from cow and put the stuff in a lesion in a kids arm
-a month later he made another cut in a kids arm and put small pox
the kid never got it

Question 8

VAriolization

Answer 8

-thousantds of years old
-Variolation was the method of inoculation first used to immunize individuals against smallpox (Variola) with material taken from a patient or a recently variolated individual, in the hope that a mild, but protective, infection would result.

Question 9

Vaccinia vaccine

Answer 9

-vaccinia is not mutated from cowpox
-contained skin lesions
-we dunno where it comes from
-only exists in stocks
-grows well in culture
-vaccine for small pox
-very stable
-only require a small amount

Question 10

is the the small pox vaccine 100% safe

Answer 10

not really lots of immunocomprimised people had a rough time with it and some even died

Question 11

how/why did we get rid of small pox

Answer 11

-only lives in human
-very easy to see who is infected
-vaccinia slayed

Question 12

Monkeypox

Answer 12

-comes from rodents
-not as infectuous and contagious as small pox
-looks like smallpox
-Mostly confined to Africa.
-An outbreak in the US with
100 cases in 2003.
-Smallpox vaccine protects
2 clades of the virus
-West African: the one that is happening rn
-Congo Basin: most systemic

Question 13

where did the new monkey pox stuff start

Answer 13

west africa->spain->mtl

Question 14

imvamune

Answer 14

-safer vaccine
-not as effective
-need more of the stuff
-works early on the infection
-basically vaccinia that grew in chock ceels still same virus but barely replicates in human cell

Question 15

Molluscum Contagiousum

Answer 15

-In the US it accounts for
1% of all diagnosed skin
conditions.
-Spreads by physical contact.
-rash

Question 16

true or false: all poxviruses replicate in the nucleus

Answer 16

false: they replicate in the cytoplasm
-which is weird because usually DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus

Question 17

Comp[osition of the pox virus

Answer 17

-90% of the core is proteins
-it carries in its core transcription factors and DNA pol
-it has 2 envelopes

Question 18

What is interesting about the viruses ends

Answer 18

-there are terminal loops that ate AT rich: means weaker wattson crick base pairing=mushy ends
-good for replication

Question 19

true or false: smallpox replication is temporaly regulated

Answer 19

true

Question 20

pox virus replication: see ppt19

Answer 20

lect 10

Question 21

Pox virus gene expression

Answer 21

“Cascade” Genetic Program: to regulate gene expression
-All enzymes and factors required for early
Gene expression are packaged with the virus.
-Early mRNAs encode enzymes for viral DNA
synthesis and factors for expression of the
intermediate class of genes (TF for turning on intermediate Tf)
-Intermediate genes encode factors for
expression of the late class of genes.
-Late transcription transcription factors
activate the enzymes and factors required
for early gene expression. aka structural proteins that needs to be packaged in core

Question 22

xplain the pox virus self priming stuff

Answer 22

ppt 22 lect 10

Question 23

What is one of poxviruses best weapond

Answer 23

it encodes for there viroreceptors:
-secreted factors that attenuate the immune response
-secreted IFNalpha/beta binding protein, the immune responses chemokines will bind onto these and can’t have a proper protection