Lecture 10 Flashcards

1
Q

true or false: smallpox was used by the conquistadores to mess up the indigenous peeps

A

true

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2
Q

basic infos about poxviruses

A

*Enveloped
*“brick” shaped
*200-250x250x300 nm
*Genome: dsDNA
130-300 kb
linear

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3
Q

true or false: variola comes from monkeys

A

false it comes from humans

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4
Q

where does monkey pox comes from

A

rodents

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5
Q

what was used to make the small pox vaccine

A

vaccinia

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6
Q

what was the fatality rate of smallpox and how did it get there

A

-10-30%
-infection: droplet, aerosol, skin-skin
-incubation 7-17 days
-fever
3-4 days
-enanthem 2 days: skin lesions in mouth and membranes
-exanthem 12-32 days rash all over
systemic: in orgfans and various tissues=you pretty much will die

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7
Q

edward jenner and his weird vaccine

A

-he heard about milk maids that got skin lesions on their hands from cows infected with cow pox, but they never got small pox
-he took pus from cow and put the stuff in a lesion in a kids arm
-a month later he made another cut in a kids arm and put small pox
the kid never got it

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8
Q

VAriolization

A

-thousantds of years old
-Variolation was the method of inoculation first used to immunize individuals against smallpox (Variola) with material taken from a patient or a recently variolated individual, in the hope that a mild, but protective, infection would result.

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9
Q

Vaccinia vaccine

A

-vaccinia is not mutated from cowpox
-contained skin lesions
-we dunno where it comes from
-only exists in stocks
-grows well in culture
-vaccine for small pox
-very stable
-only require a small amount

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10
Q

is the the small pox vaccine 100% safe

A

not really lots of immunocomprimised people had a rough time with it and some even died

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11
Q

how/why did we get rid of small pox

A

-only lives in human
-very easy to see who is infected
-vaccinia slayed

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12
Q

Monkeypox

A

-comes from rodents
-not as infectuous and contagious as small pox
-looks like smallpox
-Mostly confined to Africa.
-An outbreak in the US with
100 cases in 2003.
-Smallpox vaccine protects
2 clades of the virus
-West African: the one that is happening rn
-Congo Basin: most systemic

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13
Q

where did the new monkey pox stuff start

A

west africa->spain->mtl

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14
Q

imvamune

A

-safer vaccine
-not as effective
-need more of the stuff
-works early on the infection
-basically vaccinia that grew in chock ceels still same virus but barely replicates in human cell

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15
Q

Molluscum Contagiousum

A

-In the US it accounts for
1% of all diagnosed skin
conditions.
-Spreads by physical contact.
-rash

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16
Q

true or false: all poxviruses replicate in the nucleus

A

false: they replicate in the cytoplasm
-which is weird because usually DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus

17
Q

Comp[osition of the pox virus

A

-90% of the core is proteins
-it carries in its core transcription factors and DNA pol
-it has 2 envelopes

18
Q

What is interesting about the viruses ends

A

-there are terminal loops that ate AT rich: means weaker wattson crick base pairing=mushy ends
-good for replication

19
Q

true or false: smallpox replication is temporaly regulated

A

true

20
Q

pox virus replication: see ppt19

A

lect 10

21
Q

Pox virus gene expression

A

“Cascade” Genetic Program: to regulate gene expression
-All enzymes and factors required for early
Gene expression are packaged with the virus.
-Early mRNAs encode enzymes for viral DNA
synthesis and factors for expression of the
intermediate class of genes (TF for turning on intermediate Tf)
-Intermediate genes encode factors for
expression of the late class of genes.
-Late transcription transcription factors
activate the enzymes and factors required
for early gene expression. aka structural proteins that needs to be packaged in core

22
Q

xplain the pox virus self priming stuff

A

ppt 22 lect 10

23
Q

What is one of poxviruses best weapond

A

it encodes for there viroreceptors:
-secreted factors that attenuate the immune response
-secreted IFNalpha/beta binding protein, the immune responses chemokines will bind onto these and can’t have a proper protection