Lecture 1 Flashcards
The three domain system, based on comparison of ribosomal RNA genes, divides microorganisms into
- Bacteria (true bacteria)
- Archaea
- Eukarya (eukaryotes)
The origin of mitochondria goes from _____ to _____ to ____
mitochondria bacteria—> archaea ——> eukaryotes
Mitochondria degenerates in the formation of what eukaryote
Giardia
The origin of Chloroplasts goes from ____ to ____ to ____
bacteria—> Archaea—-> eukarya (note this is after giardia split off the phylogenic tree)
types of microorganisms
- bacteria
- Archaea
- Fungi
- Protozoa
- Algae
- Viruses
- Multicellular animal parasites
what is the symbol of the medical profession
Rod of Asclepius
_____ established the system of scientific nomenclature
Linnaeus
Each organism has two names: the ___ and _____
genus and specific epithet
Scientific names are ____ or ____
italicized or underlined
the genus should be _____; the specific epithet is ____
capitalized, lowercase
Are scientific names latinized
yes
Scientific names may be descriptive or honor
a scientist
The name Escherichia coli honors and describes the bacterium’s habitat which is ____
the discoverer, Theodor Escherich, the large intestine, or colon
Staphylococcus aureus name
- describes the clustered (staphylo-) spherical (cocci) cells
- describes the gold-colored (aureus) colonies
source of genus name and source of specific epithet Klebsiella pneumoniae
Source of Genus- Honors Edwin Klebs
Source of Specific Epithet- The disease
source of genus name and source of specific epithet Pfiesteria piscidcida
Source of Genus- Honors Lois Pfiester
Source of Specific Epithet- Disease in fish
source of genus name and source of specific epithet Salmonella typhimurium
Source of Genus- Honors Daniel Salmon
Source of Specific Epithet- Stupor (typh-) in mice (muri-)
source of genus name and source of specific epithet Streptococcus pyogenes
Source of Genus- Chains of cells (strepto-)
Source of Specific Epithet- Forms pus (pyo-)
source of genus name and source of specific epithet Penicillium chrysogenum
Source of Genus- Tuftlike (penicill-)
Source of Specific Epithet- Produces a yellow (chryso-) pigment
source of genus name and source of specific epithet Trypanosoma cruzi
Source of Genus- Corkscrew-like (trypano- , borer; soma-, body)
Source of Specific Epithet- Honors Oswaldo Cruz
After the first use, scientific names may be abbreviated with the _____ of the ____ and the specific epithet
first letter of the genus and the special epithet
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is found on
the skin
