Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

complex system approach

A

knowledge of the elements is essential to understanding the system but greater emphasis is placed on investigating and understanding the system as a whole.

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2
Q

three major types of substances can cross membranes

A
  1. solvents
  2. electrolytes
  3. nonelectrolytes
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3
Q

convection

A

movement of a solute based on a pressure gradient. the pressure differential will dictate the rate of flow. the flow always goes from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

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4
Q

diffusion

A

the movement of particles dissolved in a solvent from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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5
Q

electric current

A

movement of charged particles (ions) under the action of a difference of potentials

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6
Q

osmosis

A

movement of water from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration; the total concentration of particles matter

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7
Q

in a state of equilibrium, the movements of all particles are _____. there are no net charges in the concentrations

A

counterbalanced

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8
Q

three important properties of ion channels in signaling in the nervous system

A
  • they conduct ions
  • they recognize specific ions
  • they open and close in response to specific electrical, mechanical and chemical signals
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9
Q

up to ______ ions can pass through a single channel per second

A

100 million

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10
Q

Ion channels allow for rapid changes in _____.

A

membrane potential

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11
Q

reductionism

A

reducing the elements of a system to a basic level of functioning elements

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