Lecture 1

Question 1

The theory of evolution

Answer 1

• unifying concept of biology
  1. living things change overtime
  2. adaptations have arisen through natural selection

Question 2

True/False
Biodiversity and adaptation are products of evolution

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the confirmed conclusions of evolution?

Answer 3

1. organisms on Earth have changed throughout time
2. the changes are gradual
3. lineages split by speciation = biodiversity
4. all species have a common ancestor
5. adaptations are from NS

Question 4

Definition of biodiversity

Answer 4

The number and kinds of living organisms in a given area

Question 5

Definition of adaptation

Answer 5

has 2 meanings
STATE: any trait that makes an organism more successful (better able to survive/reproduce)
PROCESS: adaptation is the evolutionary process that leads to the origin and maintenance of certain traits

Question 6

Microevolution

Answer 6

evolutionary patterns and processes observed within a species populations
- NS, genetic drift, migration, gene flow, etc
(evolutionary mechanism)

Question 7

Macroevolution

Answer 7

evolutionary patterns and processes observed among species
- makes history, extinction, new species

Question 8

Hermaphroditic animals

Answer 8

ability to self-fertilize
- uses their own gametes to reproduce without needing the genetic material of another individual

Question 9

Why is evolution relevant

Answer 9

-understanding life on earth
- medicine
- agriculture
- environment

Question 10

How does the theory of endosymbiosis show evolution

Answer 10

theory suggests that the organelles in cells were made by prokaryotic bacteria evolving in a eukaryotic cell and thus give function to the cell

Question 11

Phylogenetic trees

Answer 11

show evolutionary biology
- common ancestors
- closest relative