lect 9- Development of the Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

what is the cranial end of the primitive gut

A

oropharyngeal membrane

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2
Q

what is the caudal end of the primitive gut

A

cloacal membrane

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3
Q

what is the endoderm of the gut innervated by

A

external and enteric

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4
Q

what is another name for the intraembryonic cavity

A

coelom (body cavity) encased in mesoderm

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5
Q

what are organs that form between the mesentery and the posterior body wall and give some examples

A

retroperitoneal (kidney, aorta, IVC)

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6
Q

what are organs that form within mesenteries, but later fuse with the posterior body wall

A

secondarily retroperitoneal (pancreas, part of duodenum)

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7
Q

what are organs that are from the dorsal or ventral body wall that are inside the peritoneal cavity

A

intraperitoneal

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8
Q

when does the respiratory diverticulum (lung bud) appear on the ventral wall

A

at 4 weeks

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9
Q

what are symptoms of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistulas

A

cyanosis, coughing, gagging, choking with attempted feeding

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10
Q

how much does the stomach rotate in the CORONAL plane

A

45 degrees moving the pylorus anterior and to the right

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11
Q

what does the mesogastrium grow into

A

greater omentum

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12
Q

what does the lesser momentum connect

A

liver and duodenum to lesser curvature of stomach

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13
Q

what does the falciform ligament do

A

attaches the liver to the anterior body wall

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14
Q

where does most of the pancreas develop from

A

dorsal bud

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15
Q

what forms the inferior part of the head of the pancreas, including the uncinate process

A

ventral pancreatic bud

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16
Q

what is the total rotation of the gut

A

270 degrees

17
Q

what week does the appendix form

A

11th

18
Q

what is the twisting of the intestine

A

volvulus

19
Q

what are symptoms of volvulus

A

bloody stools, constipation, biliary emesis

20
Q

what is the ligament of treitz

A

suspensory ligament of duodenum that connects the duodenum to the diaphragm

21
Q

what disorder is characterized by elevated AFP

A

omphalocele

22
Q

what part of the gut does not rotate

A

Hindgut

23
Q

what forms the urogenital sinus

A

allantois

24
Q

what is the growth of the urorectum septum into the urogenital sinus directed by

A

SHH

25
Q

what is the storm for the glands of the gut tube derived from

A

visceral mesoderm

26
Q

what causes the different transcription factors to be expressed in different regions of the gut tube

A

RA gradient

27
Q

what transcription factor specifies for the esophagus and stomach

A

SOX2

28
Q

what transcription factor specifies for duodenum

A

PDX1

29
Q

what transcription factor specifies for small intestine

A

CDXC

30
Q

what transcription factor specifies for large intestine and rectum

A

CDXA

31
Q

what do lesser momentum and falciform ligament form from

A

ventral mesogastrium (which is derived from mesoderm of septum transversum)

32
Q

what is the most important molecular regulation of liver induction

A

FGF2

33
Q

what occurs when the esophagus fails to lengthen sufficiently, and stomach is pulled into the esophageal hiatus through the diaphragm

A

congenital hiatal hernia

34
Q

what is the most common characteristic of pyloric stenosis

A

projectile vomiting

35
Q

what occurs when there is a persistence of a portion of the mesocolon

A

mobile cecum

36
Q

what hernia occurs when there is entrapment of portions of the small intestine behind the mesocolon

A

retroiliac hernia

37
Q

what occurs when the proximal jejunum and the intestine is short, with the portion distal to the lesion coiled around a mesenteric remnant

A

apple peel atresia