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LECOM embryology > lect 16 and 17- placenta and fetus > Flashcards

lect 16 and 17- placenta and fetus Flashcards

1
Q

what is the decidua basalts between

A

blastocyst and myometrium

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2
Q

what is the cap of the implantation site

A

decidua capsularis

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3
Q

what is the maternal blood color

A

dull red

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4
Q

what gives the placenta its shaggy look

A

remnants of decidua basalts

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5
Q

what is the fetal part of the placenta

A

villous chorion

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6
Q

what is the primary stage of formation of the villous chorion

A

projection of trophoblast

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7
Q

what is the secondary stage of formation of the villous chorion

A

mesoderm core

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8
Q

what is the tertiary stage of formation of the villous chorion

A

formation of capillaries in villus

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9
Q

when is the capillary system of the placenta membrane established

A

when the heart begins to beat

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10
Q

what separates the lateral and fetal blood

A

hemochorial placenta

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11
Q

what erodes the spiral arteries

A

cytotrophoblast

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12
Q

describe the maternal placental circulation

A

spiral arteries to intervillous spaces to uterine veins

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13
Q

describe fetal placental circulation

A

1 umbilical vein picks of oxygenated blood and returns via 2 umbilical arteries to chorionic umbilical arteries to chorionic arteries to capillary beds in villi

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14
Q

what occurs when the placenta covers the internal os

A

placenta previa

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15
Q

what occurs when the placenta grows through the endometrium to the myometrium

A

placenta accreta

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16
Q

what occurs when the placenta grows into the myometrium

A

placenta increta

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17
Q

what occurs when the placenta grows into the perimetrium

A

placenta percreta

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18
Q

what occurs when the placenta separates partially or totally from uterine wall

A

placenta abruptio

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19
Q

what occurs when one twin compresses the second twin against the uterus

A

fetus papyraceus

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20
Q

what do conjoined twins share

A

amnion, chorion and placenta

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21
Q

what is stage one of parturition

A

effacement and dilation of the cervix

22
Q

what is stage 2 of parturition

A

delivery of the fetus

23
Q

what is stage 3 of parturition

A

delivery of the placenta and fetal membranes

24
Q

describe the growth of fetal length

A

increases linearly

25
Q

what ultrasound measurement is used to help determine size and probability of age in a fetus

A

crown rump length

26
Q

how long are external genitalia similar between males and females

A

until end of week 9

27
Q

when do the external genitalia of fetuses real mature form

A

week 12

28
Q

when are intestinal coils visible in the proximal end of the umbilical cord

A

until middle of week 10

29
Q

when do intestines return to the abdomen

A

by the end of week 10

30
Q

what is the major site of erythropoiesis at week 9

A

liver

31
Q

what is the main erythropoietic organ at week 12

A

spleen

32
Q

when does urine formation begin

A

between week 9 and 12

33
Q

when does limb movement become coordinated

A

week 14

34
Q

what is the skin of the fetus covered in weeks 17 to 20

A

vernix caseosa

35
Q

what is the mixture of dead epidermal cells and secretion from sebaceous glands

A

vernix caseosa

36
Q

when are eyebrows and hair visible

A

at 20 weeks

37
Q

when does surfactant production begin

A

week 24

38
Q

when do eyelids open

A

week 26

39
Q

when are toenails visible

A

week 26-29

40
Q

when is the pupillary light reflex present

A

30 weeks

41
Q

what are some conditions that decrease uterine blood flow

A

small chorionic vessels, severe hypotension/hypertension, renal disease, decrease maternal placental circulation

42
Q

when do taste buds and swallowing appear

A

taste buds at week 7; swallowing week 10

43
Q

what is the fetal component of the placenta derived from

A

trophoblast and extra embryonic mesoderm

44
Q

what is the maternal component of the placenta derived from

A

uterine endometrium

45
Q

what membrane ruptures during labor (water breaking)

A

amniochorionic membrane

46
Q

what is the placenta bordered by on the fetal side

A

chorionic plate

47
Q

what is the placenta bordered by on the maternal side

A

decidua basalis

48
Q

when does splitting of the zygote in monozygotic twins typically occur

A

at the early blastocyst stage

49
Q

what is he major growth promoting factor during development before and after birth

A

IGF-1

50
Q

what condition is characterized by maternal hypertension and proteinuria due to reduced organ perfusion

A

preeclampsia

51
Q

what occurs when anemia becomes so severe that edema and effusions into the body cavities occurs, leading to fetal death

A

fetal hydrops

LECOM embryology (11 decks)

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