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HEMATOLOGY 2 > LEC5 - FIBRINOLYSIS > Flashcards

LEC5 - FIBRINOLYSIS Flashcards

1
Q

the degradation of fibrin into monomers and polymers

A

fibrinolysis

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2
Q

are building block of fibrin that are formed during the coagulation process when the thrombin cleaves fibrinogen (soluble plasma protein) into fibrin

A

monomers

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3
Q

are large molecules composed of repeated subunits of monomers

A

polymers

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4
Q

it is a system whereby the temporary fibrin clot is systematically and gradually dissolved as the vessel heals in order to restore normal blood blood

A

fibrinolysis

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5
Q

it is the final stage of coagulation

A

fibrinolysis

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6
Q

what are the 2 primary activator of plasminogen to start fibrinolysis

A

tissue plasminogen activator or tPA
and urokinase-type plasminogen activator

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7
Q

is the systematic accelerating hydrolysis of fibrin bound by plasmin

A

fibrinolysis

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8
Q

excessive fibrinolysis can cause ___ due to premature clot lysis before wound healing is established

A

bleeding

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9
Q

plasminogen is produced by what organ

A

liver

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10
Q

single chain protein with five glycosylated loops

A

kringles

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11
Q

it enables plasminogen, with and UPA to bind fibrin lysine molecule during polymerization

A

kringles

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12
Q

what are the 2 types of fibrinolysis

A

primary and secondary

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13
Q

this type of fibrinolysis is a natural process wherein we dissolve clot to prevent excessive clotting and help the healing of the injury

A

primary fibrinolysis

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14
Q

this type of fibrinolysis wherein there’s a dissolution of fibrin clot in response to certain condition

A

secondary fibrinolysis

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15
Q

example of conditions wherein the secondary fibrinolysis are observed

A

disseminated intravascular coagulation
infection
neoplasm
snake bite
HTR

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16
Q

a protein that digest fibrin or fibrinogen

A

plasminogen

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17
Q

a serine proteases secreted by activated endothelium which activates plasminogen

A

TPA

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18
Q

serine protease secreted by kidney and activates plasminogen

A

UPA - urokinase

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19
Q

secreted by endothelium, inhibits tissue plasminogen activator

A

PAU 1 - plasminogen activator inhibitor 1

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20
Q

inhibits plasmin

A

a2 - antiplasmin

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21
Q

suppresses fibrinolysis by removing fibrin C terminal lysine binding sites

A

thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor

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22
Q

an endogenous plasminogen activator wherein it hydrolyzes fibrin bound plasminogen converting it to plasmin thus initiating fibrinolysis

A

tissue plasminogen activator

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23
Q

how many kringle sdo TPA has

A

with 2 glycosylated kringle regions which forms covalent lysine bonds with fibrin during

24
Q

how many kringle do UPA has

A

only one kringle and does not bind firmly to fibrin

25
Q

it is the plasma zymogen, inactivated form of plasmin

A

plasminogen

26
Q

major inhibitor of free plasmin

A

a2 antiplasmin

27
Q

it’s a primary fast acting inhibitor of plasmin

A

a2 antiplasmin

28
Q

low concentration of a2 antiplasmin will lead to

A

bleeding

29
Q

a2 antiplasmin is present in plasma and ___

A

platelet

30
Q

a2 antiplasmin is synthesized in the

A

liver

31
Q

it inactivates the plasmin that is not inhibited by alpha 2 antiplasmin

A

a2 macroglobulin

32
Q

released by platelets, it inhibits activation o fibrin-bound plasminogen

A

thrombospondin

33
Q

incread PA1 will result to

A

myocardial infaction, stroke, and thrombosis

34
Q

prinsiple inhibitor of plasmininogen activation

A

PAU 1

35
Q

thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor is also known as

A

plasma procarboxypeptidase

36
Q

TIFA is produced in the

A

liver

37
Q

TIFA is activated by

A

thrombin-thrombomodulin complex

38
Q

it inhibits fibrinolysis by cleaving exposed carboxy-terminal lysine carboxy-terminal lysine residues from partially degraded fibrin, thereby preventing the binding of TPA and plasminogen to fibrin blocking the formation of plasmim

A

TIFA

39
Q

increased thrombin generation will cause what to TAFI

A

increase activation

40
Q

plasminogen is produced in what organ

A

liver

41
Q

plasminogen gene is located at what chromosome

A

chromosome 6 long arm q region band 26-q27

c6q26-q27

42
Q

plasma concentration of plasminogen is approximately

A

200 mg/l

43
Q

the most important protein in fibrinolysis is ___ and it’s the only one that can degrade fibrin clot

A

plasmin

44
Q

plasmin produces __ which increase vascular permeability and interfere with thrombin-induced fibrin formation

A

fibrin degradation products

45
Q

aside from the FDP, what is the component of that plasmin produces as well that is related to FDP

A

D-dimer

46
Q

what labile factors do plasmin destroyed

A

labile factors and the IX and XI

47
Q

plasmin indirectly enhances the conversion of what factor

A

factor XII to factor XIIa

48
Q

it is a serine proteases that systematically digests fibrin polymer by the hydrolysis of arginine-related and lysine-related peptide bonds

A

plasmin

49
Q

it maintains the balance between the clot formation and the dissolution

A

plasmin

50
Q

plasmin cleaves fibrin and the fdp produced are

A

X,Y,D,E and D,-D

51
Q

Fragment X

A

central E domain with 2 D domains
D-E-D

52
Q

fragment Y

A

E domain after cleavage of one D domain
D-E

53
Q

a fragment that is composed of D2 D domains from separate fibrin molecules cross-lined by the action of factor XIIIa

A

D-dimer or D-D fragment

54
Q

it is the marker of thrombosis and the fibrinolysis

A

D-dimer

55
Q

D-Dimer elevated in cases of

A

thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, disseminated intravascular coagulation

56
Q

the process of degrading a native fibrinogen is called as

A

fibrinogenolysis

57
Q
A

HEMATOLOGY 2 (9 decks)

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