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HEMATOLOGY 2 > Laboratory Evaluation Secondary Hemostasis > Flashcards

Laboratory Evaluation Secondary Hemostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Tests the composite action of all plasma factors
acting simultaneously

A

the coagulation test

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2
Q

is a measure of the ability of the blood
to clot and is not influenced by the platelet functions
other than PF3

A

clotting time

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3
Q

measures only the time
required for the formation of the traces of thrombin
sufficient to produce a visible clot.

A

coagulation test

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4
Q

a. Micro Methods of coagulation test

A

slide or drop method
capillary or dale and laidlaw’s method

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5
Q

interval for checking fibrin strand in slide method

A

every 30 seconds

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6
Q

every how many seconds do we need to break capillary tube in capillary tube method

A

every 30 seconds and check for fibrin strands

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7
Q

Macro Methods of coagulation test

A

lee-white method or whole blood clotting time

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8
Q

this method of coagulation test is superior for there is less
contamination of the plasma with tissue fluids when
blood is drawn from a vein.

A

macro methods

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9
Q

principle of the lee white method

A

the whole blood clotting time is the time required for freshly collected blood to form a firm clot in standardized glass tubes at 37*C. Thus, the whole blood clotting time is a measure of the integrity of the intrinsic system

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10
Q

normal values of lee white clotting time

A

5-10 mns

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11
Q
  • Advantages of Lee Whit
A
  • More accurate and standard method.
  • Test can be run with control.
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12
Q

Disadvantages of lee white

A
  • It is also a rough method.
  • There can be contamination of syringe or tube.
  • Vigorous agitation of the tubes should be avoided as it shortens the clotting time
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13
Q

the principle of Activated Coagulation Time of Whole Blood

A

the activated coagulation time of whole blood is the time necessary for fresh blood to form a clot when incubated as 37*C in the presence of surface contact activation. This assay, like to whole blood clotting, measures overall activity of the intrinsic clotting system

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14
Q

normal values of Activated Coagulation Time of Whole Blood

A

1-2 mns

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15
Q

factors that may affect our coagulation test result includes

A

the effects of surgery
body temperature
other medicines you are taking
getting IV fluids which can dilute the blood
platelet counts and platelet functions
coagulation factor deficiencies

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16
Q

is a measure of intrinsic coagulation mechanism

A

plasma recalcification time

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17
Q

more sensitive method than the coagulation time of whole blood

A

plasma recalcification time

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18
Q

may reveal abnormality which is not detectable by the determination of clotting time of venous blood

A

plasma recalcification time

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19
Q

ref range of plasma recalcification time

A

90-250 seconds

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20
Q

Activated Recalcification Time employs the use of ___

A

0.1 ml of plt rich plasma and an activator

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21
Q

activator examples in Activated Recalcification
Time

A

0.1 ml of 0.025 M calcium chloride
0.1 ml of 1% cellite

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22
Q

reference range of Activated Recalcification
Time

A

less than 50 seconds

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23
Q

Simple test for the INTRINSIC and COMMON
pathways of coagulation

A

partial thromboplastin time

24
Q

a test for the deficiencies of factors in the
INTRINSIC system. (Factor VIII, IX, XI, XII)

A

activated partial thromboplastin time

25
Q

normal values of ptt or aptt

A

24-39 secs or
25-35 seconds

26
Q

used to differentiate factor deficiency and disorder of
circulating anticoagulants

A

differential test of activated partial thromboplastin

27
Q

Another modification of APTT which is done by mixing
the patient’s plasma with commercially available
correcting reagents, Factor VIII and IX reagents.

A

differential partial thromboplastin time

28
Q

in a prolonged PTT, and is corrected with factor VIII, the condition is

A

hemophilia A

29
Q

in a prolonged PTT, and is corrected with factor IX , the condition is

A

hemophilia B

30
Q

measures the EXTRINSIC and COMMON pathway of
coagulation.

A

prothrombin time

31
Q

It is used to monitor oral anticoagulant
therapy

A

protrombin time

32
Q

. This can detect prothrombin, fibrinogen, Factors V,
VII and X deficiencies.

A

prothrombin time

33
Q

the method under prothrombin times

A

one stage method of Quick (stanley brown method)

34
Q

principle behind the prothrombin time - one stage method of quick

A

tissue thrimboplastin and calcium added to plasma react to fibrinogen to form a clot. The thromboplastin added to the plasma takes the place of the tissue juice formation of extrinsic
thromboplasitn. The prothrombin time is therefore prolonged if
there is a deficiency of Factors V, VII or X or a very severe
deficiency of Factor I and II

35
Q
  • It offers a combined estimation of the levels of
    prothrombin and proconvertin
A

Two-stage Prothrombin and Proconvertin Test
(Owren andAas)

36
Q

It is more sensitive with Stanley Brown Method

A

Two-stage Prothrombin and Proconvertin Test
(Owren andAas)

37
Q

ADVANTAGES of Two-stage Prothrombin and Proconvertin Test
(Owren and Aa)

A

a. It is more sensitive with Stanley Brown Method.
b.Fresh specimens are not necessary, and the method
can be used for mailed samples of blood.
c. The method is not affected by heparin

38
Q

for the control of Coumarin anticoagulant
therapy, this is considered as the most sensitive test

A

Owren’s Thrombotest Method

39
Q

it is an electromechanical semi-automated instrument
that has been used extensively in one-stage prothrombin
method of Quick

A

Fibrometer Method

40
Q

this is microtechnique employed for childern and the
method uses micropipettes; the principle of the test is
similar with one-stage prothrombin time or Stypven Time.

A

Micromethod (Pro time)

41
Q
  • it is used to distinguish deficiencies of Factor X and
    those of Factor VII. It is also used to detect deficiencies in
    prothrombin, fibrinogen and factors V and X. It differs from
    prothrombin time in that deficiencies in factor VII are not
    detected
A

Related Method- Stypven Time (Rusell’s viper venom
Time)
-

42
Q

reported in percentage, with 100% as the
maximum leve

A

Prothrombin Activity orInde

43
Q

this method of reporting has been proposed to
monitor patients on oral anticoagulant therapy

A

International Normalized Ratio

44
Q

it is defined as the prothrombin time ratio had the
test been performed using international standard
thromboplastin reagent.

A

International Normalized Ratio

45
Q

best considered as a test of platelet phospholipid
activity. If the prothrombin time and the PTT are
normal, a short PCT indicated a deficiency of PF3
due to thrombocytopenia or thrombopathia

A

Serum Prothrombin Time or Prothrombin
Consumption Test (PCT)

46
Q

Thromboplastin Generation Test

A
  1. Bigg’s and Macfarlane Method
  2. Hick’s-Pitney Kaolin Modification Method
47
Q

-measures the availability of functional
fibrinogen

A

. Thrombin Time

48
Q

sensitive test in detecting heparin inhibition

A

Thrombin Time

49
Q

Principle of

A

Commercially prepared thrombin reagent is added
to citrated plasma, and the time required for clot
formation is measured.

50
Q

ref range of thrombin time

A

10-20 secs

51
Q

commercially available test wherein upon addition
of plasma containing fibrinogen, thrombin produces
clotting. N

A

fibrindex test

52
Q

ref range of fibrindex test

A

5-10 seconds

firm clot without serum 30-60 secs

53
Q

a rapid slide test based on the agglutination of
fibrinogen-coated red blood cells by the latex antihuman fibrinogen reagent. Normally, presence of
fibrinogen is indicated by agglutination

A

fit test

54
Q

serial dilutions of plasma are diluted with thrombin.
The titers is the highest dilution in which a fibrin clot
can be seen, and is related to the fibrinogen
concentration and indirectly to the presence of
circulating anticoagulants

A

fibrinogen titer method

55
Q

several accurate methods are now available for the
quantitative assay of plasma fibrinogen. Fibrinogen is
usually converted into fibrin which is quantified by
gravimetric, nephelometric, chemical, immunologic
and precipitation methods

A

assay of plasma fibrinogen

56
Q

Methods of assay of plasma fibrinogen

A

a. Ellis and StranskyMethod
b. Stirland’sMethod
c. Turbidimetric Method of Partfantjev et.al
d. Ratnoff and Menzie Method
e. Fibrin Clot Method

HEMATOLOGY 2 (18 decks)

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