Laboratory Evaluation Secondary Hemostasis

Question 1

Tests the composite action of all plasma factors
acting simultaneously

Answer 1

the coagulation test

Question 2

is a measure of the ability of the blood
to clot and is not influenced by the platelet functions
other than PF3

Answer 2

clotting time

Question 3

measures only the time
required for the formation of the traces of thrombin
sufficient to produce a visible clot.

Answer 3

coagulation test

Question 4

a. Micro Methods of coagulation test

Answer 4

slide or drop method
capillary or dale and laidlaw’s method

Question 5

interval for checking fibrin strand in slide method

Answer 5

every 30 seconds

Question 6

every how many seconds do we need to break capillary tube in capillary tube method

Answer 6

every 30 seconds and check for fibrin strands

Question 7

Macro Methods of coagulation test

Answer 7

lee-white method or whole blood clotting time

Question 8

this method of coagulation test is superior for there is less
contamination of the plasma with tissue fluids when
blood is drawn from a vein.

Answer 8

macro methods

Question 9

principle of the lee white method

Answer 9

the whole blood clotting time is the time required for freshly collected blood to form a firm clot in standardized glass tubes at 37*C. Thus, the whole blood clotting time is a measure of the integrity of the intrinsic system

Question 10

normal values of lee white clotting time

Answer 10

5-10 mns

Question 11

• Advantages of Lee Whit

Answer 11

• More accurate and standard method.
• Test can be run with control.

Question 12

Disadvantages of lee white

Answer 12

• It is also a rough method.
• There can be contamination of syringe or tube.
• Vigorous agitation of the tubes should be avoided as it shortens the clotting time

Question 13

the principle of Activated Coagulation Time of Whole Blood

Answer 13

the activated coagulation time of whole blood is the time necessary for fresh blood to form a clot when incubated as 37*C in the presence of surface contact activation. This assay, like to whole blood clotting, measures overall activity of the intrinsic clotting system

Question 14

normal values of Activated Coagulation Time of Whole Blood

Answer 14

1-2 mns

Question 15

factors that may affect our coagulation test result includes

Answer 15

the effects of surgery
body temperature
other medicines you are taking
getting IV fluids which can dilute the blood
platelet counts and platelet functions
coagulation factor deficiencies

Question 16

is a measure of intrinsic coagulation mechanism

Answer 16

plasma recalcification time

Question 17

more sensitive method than the coagulation time of whole blood

Answer 17

plasma recalcification time

Question 18

may reveal abnormality which is not detectable by the determination of clotting time of venous blood

Answer 18

plasma recalcification time

Question 19

ref range of plasma recalcification time

Answer 19

90-250 seconds

Question 20

Activated Recalcification Time employs the use of ___

Answer 20

0.1 ml of plt rich plasma and an activator

Question 21

activator examples in Activated Recalcification
Time

Answer 21

0.1 ml of 0.025 M calcium chloride
0.1 ml of 1% cellite

Question 22

reference range of Activated Recalcification
Time

Answer 22

less than 50 seconds

Question 23

Simple test for the INTRINSIC and COMMON
pathways of coagulation

Answer 23

partial thromboplastin time

Question 24

a test for the deficiencies of factors in the
INTRINSIC system. (Factor VIII, IX, XI, XII)

Answer 24

activated partial thromboplastin time

Question 25

normal values of ptt or aptt

Answer 25

24-39 secs or 25-35 seconds

Question 26

used to differentiate factor deficiency and disorder of circulating anticoagulants

Answer 26

differential test of activated partial thromboplastin

Question 27

Another modification of APTT which is done by mixing the patient’s plasma with commercially available correcting reagents, Factor VIII and IX reagents.

Answer 27

differential partial thromboplastin time

Question 28

in a prolonged PTT, and is corrected with factor VIII, the condition is

Answer 28

hemophilia A

Question 29

in a prolonged PTT, and is corrected with factor IX , the condition is

Answer 29

hemophilia B

Question 30

measures the EXTRINSIC and COMMON pathway of coagulation.

Answer 30

prothrombin time

Question 31

It is used to monitor oral anticoagulant therapy

Answer 31

protrombin time

Question 32

. This can detect prothrombin, fibrinogen, Factors V, VII and X deficiencies.

Answer 32

prothrombin time

Question 33

the method under prothrombin times

Answer 33

one stage method of Quick (stanley brown method)

Question 34

principle behind the prothrombin time - one stage method of quick

Answer 34

tissue thrimboplastin and calcium added to plasma react to fibrinogen to form a clot. The thromboplastin added to the plasma takes the place of the tissue juice formation of extrinsic thromboplasitn. The prothrombin time is therefore prolonged if there is a deficiency of Factors V, VII or X or a very severe deficiency of Factor I and II

Question 35

- It offers a combined estimation of the levels of prothrombin and proconvertin

Answer 35

Two-stage Prothrombin and Proconvertin Test (Owren andAas)

Question 36

It is more sensitive with Stanley Brown Method

Answer 36

Two-stage Prothrombin and Proconvertin Test (Owren andAas)

Question 37

ADVANTAGES of Two-stage Prothrombin and Proconvertin Test (Owren and Aa)

Answer 37

a. It is more sensitive with Stanley Brown Method. b.Fresh specimens are not necessary, and the method can be used for mailed samples of blood. c. The method is not affected by heparin

Question 38

for the control of Coumarin anticoagulant therapy, this is considered as the most sensitive test

Answer 38

Owren’s Thrombotest Method

Question 39

it is an electromechanical semi-automated instrument that has been used extensively in one-stage prothrombin method of Quick

Answer 39

Fibrometer Method

Question 40

this is microtechnique employed for childern and the method uses micropipettes; the principle of the test is similar with one-stage prothrombin time or Stypven Time.

Answer 40

Micromethod (Pro time)

Question 41

- it is used to distinguish deficiencies of Factor X and those of Factor VII. It is also used to detect deficiencies in prothrombin, fibrinogen and factors V and X. It differs from prothrombin time in that deficiencies in factor VII are not detected

Answer 41

Related Method- Stypven Time (Rusell’s viper venom Time) -

Question 42

reported in percentage, with 100% as the maximum leve

Answer 42

Prothrombin Activity orInde

Question 43

this method of reporting has been proposed to monitor patients on oral anticoagulant therapy

Answer 43

International Normalized Ratio

Question 44

it is defined as the prothrombin time ratio had the test been performed using international standard thromboplastin reagent.

Answer 44

International Normalized Ratio

Question 45

best considered as a test of platelet phospholipid activity. If the prothrombin time and the PTT are normal, a short PCT indicated a deficiency of PF3 due to thrombocytopenia or thrombopathia

Answer 45

Serum Prothrombin Time or Prothrombin Consumption Test (PCT)

Question 46

Thromboplastin Generation Test

Answer 46

1. Bigg’s and Macfarlane Method 2. Hick’s-Pitney Kaolin Modification Method

Question 47

-measures the availability of functional fibrinogen

Answer 47

. Thrombin Time

Question 48

sensitive test in detecting heparin inhibition

Answer 48

Thrombin Time

Question 49

Principle of

Answer 49

Commercially prepared thrombin reagent is added to citrated plasma, and the time required for clot formation is measured.

Question 50

ref range of thrombin time

Answer 50

10-20 secs

Question 51

commercially available test wherein upon addition of plasma containing fibrinogen, thrombin produces clotting. N

Answer 51

fibrindex test

Question 52

ref range of fibrindex test

Answer 52

5-10 seconds firm clot without serum 30-60 secs

Question 53

a rapid slide test based on the agglutination of fibrinogen-coated red blood cells by the latex antihuman fibrinogen reagent. Normally, presence of fibrinogen is indicated by agglutination

Answer 53

fit test

Question 54

serial dilutions of plasma are diluted with thrombin. The titers is the highest dilution in which a fibrin clot can be seen, and is related to the fibrinogen concentration and indirectly to the presence of circulating anticoagulants

Answer 54

fibrinogen titer method

Question 55

several accurate methods are now available for the quantitative assay of plasma fibrinogen. Fibrinogen is usually converted into fibrin which is quantified by gravimetric, nephelometric, chemical, immunologic and precipitation methods

Answer 55

assay of plasma fibrinogen

Question 56

Methods of assay of plasma fibrinogen

Answer 56

a. Ellis and StranskyMethod b. Stirland’sMethod c. Turbidimetric Method of Partfantjev et.al d. Ratnoff and Menzie Method e. Fibrin Clot Method