LEC4 - SECONDARY HEMOSTASIS Flashcards
Is a process whereby, on vessel injury, plasma proteins,
tissue factors, and calcium interact on the surface of
platelets to form a stable fibrin clot
coagulation
in coagulation, what are the components that interact on the surface of the platelets to form a stable fibrin clot
plasma proteins, tissue factors, and calcium
platelet interacts with __ to form a stable fibrin clot
fibrin
This is a mechanism consisting of a series of cascading
reactions involving development of enzymes from their
precursors (____) which will further be converted to an activated state
zymogen
the activated state of enzyme
serine proteases
involves the enzymatic activation of
series of plasma proteins in the coagulation system to form a
fibrin meshwork.
Secondary Hemostasis
who activates fibrinogen to fibrin
thrombin
Prothrombin is what factor
factor II
Factor III is known as
Tissue Thromboplastin
Factor IV is known as
Calcium Ions
it meds the coagulation factor to make the clot formed during the primary hemostasis strong
Secondary Hemostasis
Factor V name
Labile Factor, Proaccelerin
Factor VII name
Stable Factor, Proconvertin
Factor VIII name
Antihemophilic Factor
Factor IX name
christmas factor
Factor X name
stuart-prower factor
Factor XI name
Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent
Factor XII name
Hageman Factor
factor xiii name
Fibrin Stabilizing Factor
which factor is important for us to activate the coagulation cascae - to power it up
factor IV - calcium ions
why do factor VI is omitted?
the function is the same with factor V
Antihemophilic Factor B/
Plasma
Thromboplastin
Component (PTC)
Hageman factor
(HF) belongs in intrinsic pathway, which group does iT belongs as well
contact group
Fibrin Stabilizing
factor (FSF is also known aS
Laki-Lorand factor
(LLF)
Fibrinase
Prekallikrein other name
Fletcher factor
High Molecular
Weight Kiinogen
(HMWK) other name
Fitzgerald factor,
Williams factor, Flaujeac
factor
Categories of Coagulation Factors
- Substrate
- Cofactors
Substrate examples
Fibrinogen (Factor I)
Classification of Coagulation Factors by
Hemostatic Function
Substrate
cofactors
enzymes
enzymes examples
Serine Protease Ia, Ixa, Xa,
XIa, Transaminase,
Factor XIIIa,
Prekallikrein
Cofactors examples
Factor V (Labile Factor), Factor
VIII:C (AHF)
labile factors such as factor V and VIII works as a _____ according to its classification by hemostatic function
cofactors
Classification of Coagulation Factors by
Physical Properties
contact group
Prothrombin Group/
Vitamin K Dependent G
Fibrinogen
Contact Group components
XI, XII, Prekallikrein,
HMWK
Prothrombin Group/
Vitamin K Dependent
Group componensT
X, IX, VII, II
Fibrinogen group memvres
I, V, VIII, XIII
this classification according to physical properties of coagulation factors are the most labile
fibrinogen group
Factor V and VIII _______ upon storage of
blood specimen
dEteriorate
Fibrinogen Group
*Increased in
pregnancy, inflammation, and use
of contraceptive drugs
Fibrinogen Group ACTS as a substrate for
plasmin
Prothrombin Group
Composed of Factor
II, VII, IX, X
the classification of coagulation factor that is Stable and remains well preserved in stored
plasma
Prothrombin Group
all of the factors in prothrombin group we have is synthesized in
liver
Contact Group Composed of Factor
XI, XII, Prekallikrein, HMWK
a classification of coag factors that is Moderately stable and not consumed during
coagulation
Contact Group
charge of contact factors
negatively causing the cells to repel
who will activate pre kallikarein to kallikrein
activaTed factor XII
can contact factors be absorbed by almuninum hydroxide and barium sufate
nope
can contact factors be consumed by clotting
no
are contact factors k dependent
no
whre ca we found contact factors
both plasma and serum
PROTHROMBIN
can they be absorbed by aluminum hydroxide and barium sulfate?
yes
are PROTHROMBIN k deoendednt
yes
PROTHROMBIN
consumed in clotting?
no
PROTHROMBIN where are they found
both plaSma and sertum
FIBRINOGEN
consumed by AL30H/BAS04?
no
FIBRINOGEN
k dependent?
no
FIBRINOGEN
consumed in clottng?
yeS
FIBRINOGEN
found in
plasma
which pathway will actvate common pathway
extrinsic and intrinsic
This protein stabilizes the
linkage between the fibrin
monomers of the blood
clot.
Factor XIII – Fibrin
Stabilizing
Factor
It is present in the plasma,
platelets and apparently
synthesized by
megakaryocytes.
stabilizes the fibrin clot
Factor
XIII – Fibrin
Stabilizing
Factor
HL of factor XIII
HL 150 hours
factor XII HL
HL 48-70
This factor is activated by contact with foreign surfaces, and initiates
the intrinsic system
Factor XII
It is also involved in the activation of fibrinolysis.
Factor XII
if the intrinsic pathway starts with factor XII who will activate them tho?
the vessel injury will expose collagen and activate XII
serine protease beta or gamma globulin partly
consumed in clotting found in serum and plasma
FXI
FXI HL
48-84
group of factor X
prothrombin
factor X
Pptd by ____ ammonium sulfate.
55%-65%
which factor is Activated by the products of both extrinsic and
intrinsic
Factor X
Factor X HL
48-52
Essential component of the
intrinsic thromboplastin
generating system
Factor IX
Factor IX HL
24 hrs
Factor VIII SOURCE
Endothelium lining blood vessel and platelet
activator of FACTOR VIII
Thrombin
Actions of factor XIII
Works with Factor IX and calcium to
activate Factor X
Factor VII is
activated by
tissue
thromboplastin (factor III )
HL OF FACtOR VII
6 hours
synthesized in the liver; unstable when stored in citrated
plasma
Factor V
factor V HL
24 hours
is an active form of calcium that is required for the
activation of thromboplastin and for conversion of
prothrombin
Factor IV
Factor IV mpc
:8-l0 mg/dl
tissue factor cofactor half life insoluble used to
designate the clot accelerating action of extract of tissue
FIII
____is required for the conversion of
prothrombin to thrombin
Thromboplastin
Proenzyme , precursor of thrombin
FII
Vit k is impt for the production of prothrombin by the
liver
FII HL
60
the substrate for thrombin and precursor of fibrin.
function is to be converted into a soluble protein
Factor I
hl of fibrinogen
100-150
This is a plasma protein with a molecular weight of
approximately 85,000 daltons.
Prekallikrein– Fletcher Factor
dysfibrinogenemia
hypofibrinogenemia
non functional
low
which factor has the least hl
factor VII
Prekallikrein– Fletcher Factor
It is partially adsorbed by ___ but not adsorbed
by _____.
barium sulfate; aluminium hydroxide
Activator of factor xi in
conjuction with w/ HMW
Prekallikrein– Fletcher Factor
Prekallikrein– Fletcher Factor HL
Half life 35
activator of factor xi in effect w/ prekallikerin
High
Molecular Weight Kininogen – Fitzgerald Factor
Activation occurs when a vessel is injured, exposing
the subendothelial basement membrane and collagen
Intrinsic Pathway
ACTIONS OF THROMBIN
Converts fibrinogen to fibrin
Activates Factor XIII
Enhances the activity of Factors V & VIII:C
Induces platelet aggregation.
Induces platelet activation and aggregation Induces
platelet activation and aggregation
Procoagulant
ü Activates cofactor ___
VIII to VIIIa
Procoagulant
Converts Factor
XIII to XIIIa
Procoagulant
Via autocatalysis converts Prothrombin to ___
Thrombin
Binds antithrombin to inhibit serine proteases
Coagulation Inhibitor
Binds to thrombomodulin to activate protein C (inhibits Va &
VIIIa)
Coagulation Inhibitor
2 happenings in Tissue Repair
- Induces cellular chemotaxis
- Stimulates proliferation of smooth muscle and endothelial
cells.
physiologic Inhibitors of Coagulation (Anticoagulants)
Protein C
Protein S
thrombomodulin
antithrombin III
3 inhibitors of coagulation that is calcium depedent
C, S, Z
- gp that is produced by the liver and is a major
inhibitor of blood coagulation
Protein C-
This inactivates Factors
VIII:C and Va in the presence of cofactor Protein S.
Protein C
a vitamin K dependent protein and also produced
by the liver. This functions to enhance binding of Protein C
to phospholipid surfaces and increase the rate of Factors Va
and VIIIa inactivation by Protein C.
Protein S
the protein that will inactivate factor V and factor VIII
Protein C-
inhibits thrombin and inactivates the
clotting cascade.
Thrombomodulin
major inhibitor of Thrombin and Factor
Xa.
Antithrombin III
inhibits thrombin; activity is enhanced by
heparin
Heparin cofactor
forms complex with thrombin,
kallikrein, thus inhibiting their activities.
Alpha 2 Macroglobulin
lipoprotein associated
inhibitor(LACI) that inhibits VIIa which is a tissue complex
factor.
Extrinsic
Pathway Inhibitor-
inactivates Factor XIIa and plasma kallikrein,
Factor XIa and plasmin.
C1 inhibitor
a slow reacting thrombin inhibitor which
inhhibits Factor XIa and Xa.
Alpha1 Antitrypsin
inhibits Protein C. This is more
active when heparin is present.
Activated Protein C Inhibitor
changes happens in labile factors onced deteriorated
pH
