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HEMATOLOGY 2 > LEC2 - principle of coagulation > Flashcards

LEC2 - principle of coagulation Flashcards

1
Q

Hemostasis

involves the interaction
of ___, ____, ___ and_____

A

vasoconstriction,
platelet adhesion and
aggregation and
coagulation enzymes

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

Hemostasis

a complex process that:

A

produces a clot to stop the bleeding
keeps the clot confined
dissolves the clot as the wound heal

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4
Q

Reduction in blood vessel diameter due to
smooth muscle constriction

A

Vasoconstriction

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5
Q

What happens during vasoconstriction

A
  1. reduces blood flow
  2. facilitate platelet adhesion
  3. enhance coagulation cascade
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6
Q

a reflexive and earliest response in vessel injury

A

vasoconstriction

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7
Q

the process of dissolving the clot is called as

A

fibrinolysis

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8
Q

The Key Cellular Elements of Hemostasis

A

Vascular Intima
Extravascular tissue factor
Platelets
Blood Coagulation Factors (Factor I-XIII) except factor VI
Fibrinolytic protein

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9
Q

The innermost lining of blood vessels is
a monolayer of metabolically active ___

A

endothelial cells

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10
Q

___ have the thickest wall of the vascular
system

A

Arteries

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11
Q

__ are larger and have more irregular lumen
than arteries

A

Veins

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12
Q

blood vessels 3 layers

A

Tunica Intima
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia

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13
Q

the layer of blood vessels that is known as the inner lining and composed of single layer of endothelial cell and also subendothelial layer of connective tissue

A

Tunica Intima

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14
Q

tunica intima is the layer of blood vessels that is known as the inner lining and composed of single layer of endothelial cell and also subendothelial layer of connective tissue called as ________

A

internal elastic lamina

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15
Q

a layer of blood vessel that is the middle, also short, composed
of smooth muscles and elastic tissues

A

Tunica media

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16
Q

outer most layer of blood
vessels

A

Tunica adventitia

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17
Q

Tunica adventitia is composed of

A

collagen and elastic fibers

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18
Q

the strongest among the blood vessel layer

A

tunica adventitia

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19
Q

The ___ provides the
interface between circulating blood and
the body tissues.

A

vascular intima

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20
Q

Vascular intima

The innermost lining of blood vessels is
a monolayer of metabolically active
____

A

endothelial cells

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21
Q

Role of Endothelial Cell

A

Immune response
Vascular permeability
Proliferation
Hemostasis

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22
Q

Role of Endothelial Cells in immune response

A

serves as the barrier preventing the transmigration of immune cells

regulates the expression of surface adhesion molecules

production of mediators thus will control the circulating wbs

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23
Q

Role of Endothelial Cells in Vascular permeability

A

capacity of the vessel wall that allows the
flow of the blood

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24
Q

it controls the movement of the small and large molecule from the blood

A

Vascular permeability

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25
Q

Role of Endothelial Cells in proliferation

A

can promote hematopoietic stem cells &
differentiation

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26
Q

Role of Endothelial Cells in Proliferation

A

maintain the survival and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells

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27
Q

_____ the tissues surrounding blood
vessels involved in hemostasis when local
vessel is injured

A

Extravascular Component

28
Q

The extra-vascular ( tissues surrounding blood
vessels) involved in hemostasis when local
vessel is injured, through ___ and ____

A

swelling and inflammation

29
Q

It plays a part in hemostasis by providing back
pressure on the injured vessel through swelling and trapping of escaped blood

A

Extravascular

30
Q

destruction or lysis of the
fibrin during wound healing

A

Fibrinolysis

31
Q

Role of Blood Vessels in Hemostasis

A

Contraction or VASOCONSTRICTION (narrowing) and Dilation or VASODILATION

32
Q

Blood flows through the vascular system to and
from all parts of the body. The vascular system
consists of ___, ____, and ____

A

capillaries, arteries, and veins.

33
Q

Responsible for micro circulation that links
between arterial and venous circulation.

A

Capillaries

34
Q

Thinnest walled and most numerous of blood
vessels compose of basement membrane that is tightly anchored with collagen that offers support for microvascular unit.

A

Capillaries

35
Q

Smaller blood vessels

A

Arterioles and Venules

36
Q

Microscopic continuation of arteries
giving off meta arterioles joining capillaries

A

Arterioles

37
Q

: the microscopic size of veins connecting to
capillaries

A

Venules

38
Q

Is the process whereby on vessel
injury Plasma protein, Tissue factors and
Calcium interact on the surface of the platelets to form a Fibrin clot

A

Coagulation

39
Q

Tissue factors is also known as

A

factor III

40
Q

what’s the difference of factor III to other factors?

A

we are not being deficient of factor III

41
Q

very important in the activation of
coagulation factors, without this there is
no activation of coagulation factors or no
clot formation.

A

calcium

42
Q

Platelets provide a surface for the coagulation
reaction, and interact with ____ to form a
STABLE PLATELET-FIBRIN (FXIII) CLOT.

A

fibrin

43
Q

The major role of the hemostatic system is to
______

A

maintain a complete balance of the body’s
tendency toward CLOTTING and BLEEDING .

44
Q

inhibits or slow down the process
of platelet activation and aggregation

A

Prostacyclin

45
Q

how will prostacyclin together with nitric oxide helps in normal blood flow

A

inactivates platelet by preventing it to adhere to endothelial cells as another platelet

46
Q

role of Heparin sulfate

A

enhances the activity of anti-
thrombin III or ATIII

47
Q

role of anti-Thrombin III

A

will inactivate the thrombin

48
Q

role of thrombin

A

activates the fibrinogen to become fibrin

49
Q

this is the activated form of factor II or prothrombin

A

thrombin

50
Q

anticoagulant
in which are produce by the endothelial cell

A

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor

51
Q

induces smooth muscle relaxation,
vasodilation and inhibits the platelet activation

A

Nitric oxide-

52
Q

also present in endothelial
cells, act as normal anticoagulant

A

Thrombomodulin

53
Q

what are the substances or the component that will suppress the hemostasis or the formation of clot in a normal blood flow

A

prostacyclin
nitric oxide
heparin sulfate
tissue factor pathway inhibitor
thrombomodulin

54
Q
  • formation of clot or thrombus
    formation
A

Coagulation

55
Q

Poor clot formation

A

HYPOCOAGULATION

56
Q

in HYPOCOAGULATION - there will be an excessive fibrinolysis which can lead to

A

bleeding

57
Q

examples of Hypocoaguble disease

A

Hemophilia
Acquired conditions such as
Disseminated intravascular coagulation , Liver
and Kidney diseases.

58
Q

hemophilia A- ___ deficiency

A

factor VIII

59
Q

hemophilia B- _deficiency

A

factor IX

60
Q

hemophilia C- factor _____ deficiency

A

XI

61
Q

Liver is involved in hypocoagulation disease because __

A

most of
coagulation factors are synthesize in
the liver.

62
Q

 uncontrolled
 production of thrombi

A

HYPERCOAGULATION

63
Q

Other conditions are related to uncontrolled
thrombosis are called

A

Hyper-coagulable
state.

64
Q

This is related to an appropriate formation
of thrombi in the vascular vessels that
occlude normal blood flow.

A

HYPERCOAGULATION

65
Q

Thrombus is composed of ____, ___, ____ and _____ And the tendency
mahihirapan magflow yung RBC. And will
lead to Myocardial infarction, mild stroke
and death.

A

platelets, WBC, RBCs, cholesterol.

66
Q

seen in cases
of Polycythemia vera (high risk of having
this)

A

Uncontrolled thrombosis-

67
Q
A

HEMATOLOGY 2 (18 decks)

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