[LEC] Pancreatic Enzymes and Cardiac Markers Flashcards
EC CODE OF AMYLASE
3.2.1.1
RECOMMENDED NAME OF AMY
ALPHA AMYLASE
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION OF AMY
HYDROLASE
EC CODE OF CHYMOTRYPSIN
3.4.21.1
RECOMMENDED NAME OF CHY
CHYMOTRYPSIN
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION OF CHY
HYDROLASE
EC CODE OF E1
3.4.21.36
RECOMMENDED NAME OF E1
ELASTASE 1
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION OF E1
HYDROLASE
EC CODE OF LPS
3.1.1.3
RECOMMENDED NAME OF LPS
TRIACYLGLYCEROL LIPASE
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION OF LPS
HYDROLASE
ENZYME RESPONSIBLE FOR THE BREAKDOWN OF STARCH AND GLYCOGEN
AMY
ACTIVATING SUBSTANCES OF AMY
CALCIUM
CHLORIDE
CALCIUM AND CHLORIDE ACTIVATE WHAT ENZYME
AMY
SMALLEST ENZYME
AMY
50k to 55k DALTONS
ENZYME NORMALLY PRESENT IN URINE
AMY
Readily filtered in the glomerulus
MAIN TISSUE SOURCE OF AMY
PANCREAS’ ACINAR CELLS
SALIVARY GLANDS
MINOR TISSUE SOURCES OF AMY
SKELETAL MUSCLE
SMALL INTESTINE
FALLOPIAN TUBES
ISOENZYMES OF AMY
S — PTYALIN
P — AMYLOPSIN
ISOENZYME IMMEDIATELY DEGRADED BY GASTRIC CONTENTS
S
PTYALIN
STARCH ISOENZYME OF AMY
PTYALIN
CHROMOSOME THAT CODES FOR PTYALIN
CHROMOSOME 1
ISOENZYME DERIVED FROM THE SALIVARY GLANDS
S
PTYALIN
3 FORMS OF THE PTYALIN ISOENZYME
S1
S2
S3
AMY ISOENZYME THAT MIGRATES THE FASTEST TO THE ANODE
S
PTYALIN
AMY ISOENZYME THAT IS INVOLVED IN POLYSACCHARIDE HYDROLYSIS
P
AMYLOPSIN
CHROMOSOME THAT CODES FOR THE AMYLOPSIN ISOENZYME
CHROMOSOME 1
3 FORMS OF THE AMYLOPSIN ISOENZYME
P1
P2
P3
MOST PREDOMINANT FORM OF AMYLOPSIN PRESENT IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS
P3
ISOENZYME PREDOMINANTLY PRESENT IN URINE
P
AMYLOPSIN
SLOWEST AMY ISOENZYME THAT MIGRATES TO THE ANODE
P
AMYLOPSIN
CATHODAL AMY ISOENZYME
P
AMYLOPSIN
AMY LEVELS IN BLOOD UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS
LOW LEVELS
ACTIVITY OF AMY TOTAL CONCENTRATION IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS
RISE — 2-12 HRS
PEAK 24 HRS
NORMAL — WITHIN 3-5 DAYS
ENZYMES USED WITH AMY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OR MONITORING OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS
URINE AMU (INCREASE)
AMY-CREA RATIO
SERUM LIPASE
AMY QUANTITATION
CLINICAL CONDITIONS WITH AN INCREASE OF AMY
ACUTE PANCREATITIS
SALIVARY GLAND INFLAMMATION
PRONOUNCED ELEVATION OF AMY IS SEEN IN WHAT CLINICAL CONDITIONS
ACUTE PANCREATITIS
PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST
MORPHINE USAGE
AMOUNT OF INCREASE IN PTYALIN DUE TO MORPHINE ADMINISTRATION
UP TO 50X ULN
MODERATE ELEVATION OF AMY IS SEEN IN WHAT CLINICAL CONDITIONS
COMPLEXING ITH IGG OR IGA
PANCREATIC CARCINOMA
MUMPS
CHOLECYSTISIS
SALIVARY GLAND INFLAMMATION
PERFORATED PEPTIC ULCER IONIZING RADIATION
MAJOR TISSUE SOURCE OF LPS
PANCREAS
MINOR TISSUE SOURCES OF LPS
STOMACH
SMALL INTESTINE
ENZYME THAT CATALYZES THE HYDROLYSIS OF FAT
LPS
PRODUCTS OF FAT HYDROLYSIS/EMULSIFICATION
ALCOHOL
FATTY ACIDS
ACTIVITY OF LPS IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS
RISE — 48 HRS
PEAK — 24 HRS
REMAINS ELEVATED — 5D TO 2WK
ENZYME MORE SPECIFIC FOR ACUTE PANCREATITIS
LPS
MORE SPECIFIC THAN AMP
LEVELS OF LPS IN CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
NO LPS
More tissue damage = Less enzyme production
LOW LPS CONCENTRATION OR THE ABSENCE OF LPS CAN BE USED TO DETERMINE THESEVERITY OF WHAT CONDITION
CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
ACTIVE FORMS OF TRY
TRYPSINOGEN 1
TRYPSINOGEN 2
INACTIVE FORM OF TRY
ZYMOGEN
CATIONIC TRY ISOENZYME
TR1
MAJOR TRY ISOENZYME IN SERUM
TR1
PERCENTAGE OF TR1 IN MILD ACUTE PANCREATITIS
80-90%
PERCENTAGE OF TR1 IN SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS
AS LOW AS 30%
NORMAL RATIO OF TR1 AND TR2
TR1 > TR2
ANIONIC TRY ISOENZYME
TR2
TR2 UNDERGOES AUTOCATALYSIS AT WHAT PH
NEUTRAL OR ALKALINE PH LEVELS
AMOUNT OF TR2 EXCRETED IN THE URINE IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS
MORE THAN TR2
STIMULUS THAT ACTIVATES ZYMOGEN
STIMULUS FROM THE VAGUS NERVE OR BY CHOLECYSTOKININ-PANCREOZYMIN
CONVERTING ENZYME OF ZYMOGEN IN THE INTESTINAL TRACT
ENTEROKINASE
MAJOR TISSUE SOURCE OF CHYMOTRYPSIN
PANCREAS’ ACINAR CELLS
ISOENZYMES OF CHY
CHY1
CHY2
ENZYME OF CHOICE FOR FECAL EXAMINATION
CHY
ENZYME THAT IS MORE RESISTANT TO DEGRADATION
CHY
[TRUE OR FALSE]
TRY IS MORE RESISTANT TO DEGRADATION THAN CHY
FALSE
CHY LEVELS INCREASE IN WHAT CLINICAL CONDITION
CHRONIC PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY
ENZYME USED TO MONITOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY
CHY
REFERENCE VALUE FOR FECAL CHY
12 U/G STOOL
MOST RELIABLE AND SENSITIVE ENZYME USED TO DETECT PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY
E1
3 FORMS OF TROPONIN
TnI
TnT
PROTEIN USED TO BIND ACTIN FILAMENTS IN CARDIAC AND SKELETAL MUSCLES
TROPONIN
INCREASE OF THIS PROTEIN IS INDICATIVE OF ARDIAC INJURY
TROPONIN
PROTEIN RELEASED IN BLOODSTREAM AHEAD OF ENZYMES IN CASES OF CARDIAC INJURY
TROPONIN
PROTEIN WITH A LONGER ELEVATION COMPARED TO CK
TROPONN
TROPONIN ACTIVITY IN AMI
RISE — 4-10HR
PEAK — 12-48HR
ELEVATED — 2-10D
REFERENCE INTERVAL OF cTnI
(Cardiac Troponin and Troponin I)
<0.1 ng/mL (mg/L)
OXYGEN BINDING HEME PROTEIN
MYOGLOBIN
PROTEINS USED DIAGNOSE OR RULE OUT CARDIAC ARREST
MYOGLOBIN
TROPONIN
MYOGLOBIN ACTIVITY IN AMI
RISE — 2-3HR
PEAK — 8-12HR