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[LAB] GGT Flashcards

1
Q

TISSUES WHERE GGT WAS FIRST IDENTIFIED IN

A

KIDNEY TISSUE

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2
Q

PRIMARY ORIGIN OF GGT

A

HEPATOBILARY SYSTEM

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3
Q

WHERE ARE THE HIGHEST GGT LEVELS FOUND

A

RENAL TISSUE

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4
Q

CLINICAL CONDITIONS THAT RESULT IN EARLIER AND MORE PRONOUNCED GGT LEVELS

A

OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE
METASTATIC NEOPLASMS

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5
Q

CLINICAL CONDITIONS THAT RESULT IN ELEVATIONS THAT ARE 5-30X NORMAL LEVELS

A

INTRA- AND POST-HEPATIC BILIARY OBSTRUCTIONS

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6
Q

CLINICAL CONDITIONS THAT RESULT IN MODERATE ELEVATIONS OR 2-5X NORMAL LEVELS

A

INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS

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7
Q

ELEVATIONS ARE ALSO OBSERVED IN THESE CLINICAL CONDITIONS

A

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY TUMORS

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
IN PRIMARY TUMORS, GGT MEASUREMENTS ARE MORE USEFUL DIAGNOSTICALLY THAN TRANSAMINASE DETERMINDATIONS

A

FALSE
LESS USEFUL

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9
Q

pH AT WHICH GGT CATALYZES THE TRANSFER OF THE DONOR SUBSTRATE TO THE ACCEPTOR SUBSTRATE

A

pH 8.2

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10
Q

PRINCIPLE OF GGT
IN THE SZASZ AND ROSALKI METHOD

A

L-gamma-p-nitroanilide + glycylglycine —GGT—> p-nitroaniline + gamma-glutamyl glycylglycine

**p-nitroaniline produces a yellow compound

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11
Q

[PRINCIPLE OF GGT ASSAYS]
DONOR SUBSTRATE

A

L-GAMMA-P-NITROANILIDE

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12
Q

[PRINCIPLE OF GGT ASSAYS]
ACCEPTOR SUBSTRATE

A

GLYCYLGLYCINE

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13
Q

[PRINCIPLE OF GGT ASSAYS]
ENZYME

A

GGT

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14
Q

[PRINCIPLE OF GGT ASSAYS]
PRODUCT (COLORED COMPOUND)

A

P-NITROANILINE (YELLOW)

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15
Q

[PRINCIPLE OF GGT ASSAYS]
SECOND PRODUCT

A

GAMMA-GLUTAMYL GLYCLYCLYCINE

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16
Q

THREE METHODS FOR GGT ASSAYS

A

SZASZ-ROSALKI
PERSIJN AND VAN DER SILK METHOD
GOLDBERG METHOD

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17
Q

BASIS OF DETERMINING GGT ARE BASED ON THE USE OF WHAT SUBSTRATE MATERIAL

A

GLUTAMYL DERIVATIVES OF AROMATIC AMINES

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18
Q

WHO INTRODUCED GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-P-NITROANILIDE AS A SUBSTRATE

A

ORLOWSKI AND MEISTER

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19
Q

SUBSTRATE USED BY ORLOWSKI AND MEISTER

A

GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-P-NITROANILIDE

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20
Q

WHO ADDED GLYCYLGLYCINE TO THE PROCESS OF GGT DETERMINATION

A

KULHANEK AND DIMOV

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21
Q

________ PUBLISHED A KINETIC PROCEDURE FOR GGT ON WHOSE PRINCIPLE THE EXPERIMENT (EXP 5) WAS BASED ON

A

SZASZ

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22
Q

WHAT SUBSTANCE SUBSTITUTED THE L-y-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide TO PRODUCE A MORE STABLE REAGENT

A

L-y-glutamyl-p-nitroanalide
A CARBOXYL DERIVATIVE

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23
Q

WHAT KIND OF DERIVATIVE IS L-y-glutamyl3-carboxy-4-nitroanalide

A

CARBOXYL DERIVATIVE

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24
Q

REFERENCE METHOD

A

SZASZ-ROSALKI METHOD

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25
RELATIONSHIP OF THE RATE OF INCREASE IN ABSORBANCE TO GGT IN THE SAMPLE
DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL
26
PRODUCT OF THE SZASZ-ROSALKI METHOD
5-amino-2-nitrobenzoate
27
WAVELENGTH USED IN THE SZASZ-ROSALKI METHOD
410 nm
28
TRUE OR FALSE THE REAGENT PRODUCED BY L-gamma-glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide IS NOT THAT STABLE AND IS WATER INSOLUBLE
FALSE MORE STABLE, WATER SOLUBLE
29
REAGENT MADE IN THE SZASZ-ROSALKI METHOD
L-gamma-glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide
30
CHROMOGENIC METHOD
GOLDBERG METHOD
31
METHOD THAT USES L-gamma-glutamyl-beta napthylamide AS A SUBSTRATE
GOLDBERG METHOD
32
SUBSTRATE USED IN THE CHROMOGENIC METHOD
GOLDBERG METHOD L-gamma-glutamyl-beta napthylamide
33
PRODUCT MEASURED IN THE CHROMOGENIC METHOD
GOLDBERG METHOD LIBERATED BETA-NAPTHYLAMIDE
34
METHOD THAT MEASURE THE AMOUNT OF LIBERATED BETA-NAPTHYLAMIDE
GOLDBERG METHOD
35
ADVANTAGE OF THE PERSIJN AND VAN DER SILK METHOD
CAN DIRECTLY PRODUCE ITS OWN CHROMOGEN
36
PROPERTIES OF THE SUBSTRATE IN THE PERSIJN AND VAN DER SILK METHOD
HIGHLY SOLUBLE ADAPTS TO ANY EQUIPMENT FOR THE AUTOMATED ASSAY OF GGT
37
METHOD WITH A SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION SLIGHTLY HIGHER THAN THE SZASZ METHOD
PERSIJN AND VAN DER SILK METHOD
38
METHOD THAT USES L-gamma-glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide
SZASZ AND ROSALKI METHOD (??) PERSIJN AND VAN DER SILK METHOD (??)
39
INTERFERENCES THAT CAUSE FALSE INCREASED RESULTS
HEPARIN DRUGS — BARBITURATE — PHENYTOIN — ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS
40
INTERFERENCES THAT CAUSE FALSE DECREASED RESULTS
CITRATE OXALATE FLUORIDE HEMOGLOBIN
41
CITRATE, OXALATE, AND HEPARIN DECREASE GGT CONCENTRATIONS BY HOW MANY PERCENT?
10-15%
42
WHAT SUBSTANCE CAUSES MINIMAL DEPRESSION IN GGT ACTIVITY
HEMOGLOBIN
43
AMOUNT OF HEMOGLOBIN THAT CAUSES MINIMAL DEPRESSION IN GGT
100-500 mg/dL
44
HEPARIN EFFECTS ON SAMPLE
TURBIDITY FALSE INCREASE IN RESULTS
45
WHAT SUBSTANCES DEPRESS GGT ACTIVITY BY 10-15%
CITRATE OXALATE FLUORIDE
46
BY HOW MANY PERCENT DOES HEMOGLOBIN DEPRESS GGT ACTIVTY?
APPROXIMATELY 5-7%
47
FOR HOW LONG IS SERUM GGT STABLE
AT LEAST 8 HOURS AT RT 1 HOUR AT 4C 1 YEAR AT -20C
48
DRUGS THAT FALSELY INCREASE GGT LEVELS
BARBITUATE PHENYTOIN ANTICONVULSANTS
49
VOLUME OF BILIRUBIN THAT EXHIBITS NEGLIGIBLE INTERERENCE
20 mg/dL
50
PERCENTAGE OF NEGLIGIBLE INTERFERENCE CAUSED BY BILIRUBIN
5%
51
[Assay] PREWARM TIME AND TEMPERATURE
3 MINUTES 37C
52
[Assay] AMOUNT OF DISTILLED WATER AND REAGENT
1 mL
53
[Assay] INCUBATION TIME AND TEMPERATURE
30 SECONDS 37C
54
[Assay] INCUBATION TIME AND TEMPERATURE IN BETWEEN READINGS
1 MINUTE 37C
55
VOLUME OF PATIENT SERUM
0.05 mL
56
[Assay] WAVELENGTH
405 nm
57
[Assay] EXPECTED VALUES
MEN: UP TO 40 IU/L WOMEN: UP TO 30 IU/L
58
SI UNIT CONVERSION FACTOR
16.67 nKat/L
59
VOLUME OF y-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide
4.79 mm
60
VOLUME OF GLYCYLGLYCINE
10 mm
61
LINEARITY
600 IU/L
62
TROUBLESHOOTING SAMPLES ABOVE THE LINEARITY
DILUTE 1:1 WITH 0.9% SALINE REASSAY MULTIPLY RESULTS WITH 2
63
SENSITIVITY
0.02 mg/dL
64
[Assay] RECONSTITUTED REAGENT COMPONENTS
POWDERED REAGENT 15 mL
65
MULTIPLIER
x 2121
66
ABSORBANCE TREND
INCREASING
67
EC CODE OF GGT
2.3.2.2
68
[Assay] NUMBER OF READINGS
3
69
CLINICAL CONDITIONS
HEPATOBILIARY DISORDERS ENZYME-INDUCTING DRUGS ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS DIABETES MELLITUS ACUTE PANCREATITIS AND PROSTATIC DISORDERS MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY 2 (10 decks)

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