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LEA > lec 9 femur & patella > Flashcards

lec 9 femur & patella Flashcards

1
Q

what is longest and strongest bone in human body

A

femur

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2
Q

four epiphyses of femur

A

greater trochanter
lesser trochanter
femoral head
one at distal end

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3
Q

What is the angle of obliquity?

A

10-15 degrees
Greater in females than in males
Angle between the shaft of the femur and the line of gravity

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4
Q

What is the angle of inclination?

A

Mean is 126 degrees
Angle between the head & neck of femur and the shaft
less in females

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5
Q

What angle denotes Coxa vara?

A

<120 produces stress on femoral neck

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6
Q

What angle denotes Coxa vara?

A

> 135results in increased joint pressure

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7
Q

What is the Q angle?

A

measured between a line from ASIS to middle of patella

Angles range from 10-14 formales and 15-17 for females

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8
Q

small q angle is genu __

A

varum because stress at medial side of knee

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9
Q

large q angle is genu __

A

valgum

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10
Q

How do you side a femur?

A

Hold the femur in front of you against the smooth side of shaft against your fingers and side the vertical ridge against your thumb.

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11
Q

what is linear aspera

A

line down the femur positioned posteriorly

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12
Q

femoral head is covered with

A

hyaline cartilage except in fovea

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13
Q

What is another name for the angle of torsion?

A

angle of declination

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14
Q

Where does the anterior side of the femoral neck join the shaft?

A

At the intertrochanteric line

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15
Q

What three structures contribute to the linea aspera?

A 
Medial lip (pectineal line and spiral line)
Lateral lip (gluteal tuberosity)
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16
Q

How does the linea aspera terminate?

A

Medial supracondylar ridge ends at adductor tubercle

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17
Q

What is the surface located between the medial and lateral supracondylar ridges?

A

popliteal surface

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18
Q

what is the raised area of superior aspect of intertrochanteric line

A

tubercle of femur

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19
Q

where does posterior side of femoral neck join shaft

A

at intertrochanteric crest

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20
Q

superiorly where does femoral neck end

A

greater trochanter

21
Q

inferiorly where does femoral neck end

A

lesser trochanter

22
Q

intertrochanteric line turns posteriorly to become

A

spiral line

23
Q

raised area prominence at midpoint of intertrochanteric crest

A

quadrate tubercle

24
Q

greater trochanter has _ surfaces

A

medial (concave w/trochanteric fossa)

lateral(conex w/ridge line)

25
Q

lesser trochanter sits ___ end of intertrochanteric crest and ___ to pectineal line

A

inferior

superior

26
Q

what contributes to medial lip of linea aspera

A

pectineal line

spiral line

27
Q

what contributes to lateral lip of linea aspera

A

gluteal tuberosity

28
Q

where is nutrient foramen on linea aspera

A

midpoint

29
Q

medial and lateral edges become what

A

medial and lateral supracondylar ridges

30
Q

where does medial supracondylar ridge end

A

adductor tubercle

31
Q

what is between medial lateral supracondylar ridges

A

popliteal surface

32
Q

medial condyle projects more ___ in vertical position

A

inferiorly

33
Q

long axis of lateral condyle more

A

anterrioly=posteriorly

34
Q

long axis of medial condyle if more

A

posteriomedialy

35
Q

femoral condyles meet ___ at the ___

A

anteriorly

patellar articular surface

36
Q

grooves on inferior surface of condyles

A

meniscal grooves

37
Q

pit-like feature on side of lateral condyle

A

popliteal groove

38
Q

What does trabecula mean?

A

beam or supporting fibers of a structure

39
Q

how are trabeculae arranged

A

along the lines of greatest compression or stress, to resist the loads placed on the femoral head and neck.

40
Q

pressure lamellae resist

A

compression forces on head of femur by body weight transfer

41
Q

tension lamellae resist

A

tensile forces due to gluteal muscles on neck of femur

42
Q

lamella are

A

mature bone with regularly arranged collagen fibers

43
Q

calcar femorale is

A

plate of bone running from shaft and neck of femur to greater trochanter
reinforcing structure

44
Q

What is Ward’s triangle?

A

internal femoral triangle

Inherently weak area between the tension and pressure lamellae

45
Q

What is the order that the secondary ossification centers appear?

A 
"Lets go to Havana Cuba"
Lesser T 
Greater T 4 years
Head 
Condyles
46
Q

what kind of bone is patella

A

sesamoid

47
Q

describe anterior surface of patella

A

rough with vascular foramina

48
Q

describe posterior surface of patella

A

large superior articular area divided by vertical ridge

49
Q

larger of two patella facets

A

lateral

LEA (12 decks)

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