lec 10 knee joint Flashcards
what type of joint is knee joint
synovial hinge joint
complexity of knee joint
composite
menisci and 3 articulating surfaces
how many condyles in knee joint
2 pairs
motion of knee joint
uniaxial joint
around transverser axis in sagittal plane
movement of knee joint
flexion extension
When can small amounts of passive abduction and adduction occur in the knee joint?
during flexion
what is conjunct
joined or united
what is adjunct
joined or added but not an essential part
When does conjunct medial femoral rotation occur?
During the last 30 degrees of extension (from flexion) and corresponding lateral femoral rotation
In which position is the knee strongest osteologically?
extension
Where are the menisci avascular and vascular?
Avascular centrally, but vascular peripherally
How do the menisci attach to the tibia?
Via fibers of the capsule called the coronary ligament
what do menisci do
improve bony articulation between femoral condyles and tibial condyles
how are menisci attached to tibia
loosely via fibers of capsule called coronary ligament
what are the extrascapular ligaments
tibial collateral
fibular collateral
Does the lateral collateral ligament have any lateral attachments to the meniscus?
no
Does the medial collateral ligament have any attachments to the meniscus
yes
when are the TCL & FCL tensed
in extension
contribute to knee joint stability
What are the intracapsular cruciate ligaments?
ACL
PCL
Transverse genicular
What is the mnemonic for the directions the ACL and PCL run?
APEX
PAIN
Which of the cruciate ligaments has the better blood supply?
PCL
Which of the cruciate ligaments is tensed in extension?
ACL
Which of the cruciate ligaments is tensed in flexion?
PCL
What contribute to the unhappy triad?
ACL, MCL, and MM
Are the ACL and PCL intra or extrasynovial
Extrasynovial (but intracapsular)
ACL limits what
medial rotation of femur when foot is fixed and knee is flexed
What are the major bursa at the knee?
Subcutaneous prepatellar
Subcutaneous infrapatellar
Subtendinous infrapatellar
Suprapatellar
What is the innervation at the knee?
Articular branches of femoral nerve, posterior division of obturator, tibial and common fibular (peroneal) nerves
What arteries anastomose around the knee?
Femoral (4th perforating branch)
Popliteal
Posterior tibial
What is the name of the portion of the MCL that attached to meniscus?
posterior oblique ligament
