lec 8 hip joint Flashcards
hip joint involves articulation between what
acetabulum of os coxae and head of femur
what type is hip joint
synovial-ball and socket “sphenoid”
motions of hip joint
multiaxial
What motion pair rotates around an A-P axis?
abduction adduction
What motion pair rotates around a medial-lateral axis?
flexion extension
What motion pair rotates around a longitudinal axis? (Vertical)
medial lateral rotation
In what planes can the hip joint rotate?
coronal
sagittal
transverse
Where in the hipjoint is the hyaline cartilage the thickest?
Anterosuperiorly where weight transfer is the greatest
what part of hip joint not covered in hyaline cartilage
fovea
What are the 3 special intracapsular structures of the hip joint?
- Transverse acetabular ligament
- Ligament of the head of the femur
- Acetabular labrum
What runs within the ligament of the head of the femur?
An artery that is a branch of the obturator artery
proximal attachment of hip bone
Rim of acetabulum, external surface of labrum, TAL
distal attachment of femur
Anteriorly - greater trochanter, interotrochanteric line, tubercle of femur, femoral neck
Posteriorly - covers the femoral neck
Retinacula of the hip joint capsule
deep fibers of the capsule that are reflected onto the femoral neck (along with reflection of synovium) and transmit blood vessels (from medial & lateral circumflex femoral arteries) to head & neck of femur
what happens when you fracture neck of femur
interrupt blood supply
What is the most important blood supply of the femoral neck?
medial circumflex
What are the 3 capsular ligaments of the hip joint?
iliofemoral
ischiofemoral
pubofemoral
Where does the iliofemoral ligament run?
From - iliac part of acetabular rim And AIIS to greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line & femoral tubercle
Where does the ischiofemoral ligament run?
From - ischial part of acetabular rim to superomedial aspect of greater trochanter
Where does the pubofemoral ligament run?
From pubic portion of acetabular rim, obturator crest, iliopubic eminence, and obturator membrane
To - femur anterior to lesser trochanter, neck & iliofemoral ligament
Which of the hip joint ligament is the strongest?
iliofemoral
When are the capsular ligaments slack and when are they tense?
slack in flexion and tense in extension
when is hip joint most stbale
extension
iliofemoral ligament resists
extension, lateral rotation, adduction
ischiofemoral ligament resits
extension, lateral rotation, adduction
pubofemoral ligament resists
excessive extension and abduction
What is the most important blood supply to the hip?
medial circumflex femoral artery
What are the two branches of the femoral artery that supply the hip?
The medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries
what is another source of blood to head and neck of femur
acetabular branch of obturator artery
What is the innervation to the hip joint capsule and ligaments?
femoral, obturator, nerve to quadratus femoris, sup glut nerves
What is the most likely position to dislocate the hip?
When the hip is flexed, adducted, and medially rotated (as in sitting in a car)
hip fractures are generally where
femoral neck
