Lec 6 Pelvic Floor Flashcards
(26 cards)
What happens to the diaphragms when inhaling and exhaling?
When you inhale, the thoracic diaphragm flattens (drops) and the pelvic diaphragm drops with it
Intra-abdominal pressure created from thoracic diaphragm pushing down on thoracic contents
Locate pelvic inlet, pubic symphysis and pelvic diaphragm
Pelvic inlet & outlet
true pelvis - (lesser pelvis) has pelvic inlet and outlet
inlet: (roof/looking birds eye view); borders are sacral promontory, arcuate line, pectineal line, pubic symphysis
outlet: (floor/bottom exit); borders are ischiopubic ramus to ischial tuberosity, to sacrotuberous ligament, to coccyx, and back around to top, the pubic symphysis
False pelvis
Location: The area superior to the pelvic brim
Boundaries: Bounded by the iliac wings laterally and the abdominal wall anteriorly.
True pelvis
Location: The area inferior to the pelvic brim, between the pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet.
Boundaries: Enclosed by the sacrum, coccyx, and lower portions of the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
What systems does the pelvic floor connect?
GI, urinary, reproductive system
Sacroiliac joint
synovial
where the sacrum meets the ilium
Pubic symphysis
cartilaginous
fibrocartilage disc between articular surfaces of pubic bones
sacrococcygeal
cartilaginous (can move little)
apex of sacrum meets base of coccyx
Perineum
surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and coccyx
What two triangles exist in perineum
- urogenital triangle
- angle triangle
Superficial perineum layer
Ishiocavernosus
Bulbospongiosus
Superficial transverse perineal muscle
external anal sphincter
Main difference between penis and clit
penis contains urethra and clitoris does not
What muscle do males have the girls dont and what does it do
cremaster muscle
retracts the tests in low temperature
What muscles form the walls of the pelvic floor
obturator internus and piriformis
Functions of pelvic floor
support (organs)
sphincteric (fast contraction when you sneeze)
sexual
stability
stump pump - lymphatics
Main nerves that innervate pelvic floor
sacral nerve roots and pudendal
Ischiocavernosus OIN
Origin; ischial tuberosity and ramus
Insertion: Penis and clitoris
N: Pudendal S2-S4 (keep pee and poo off the floor)
Function; move blood from crura into erect penis/clitoris
Bulbospongiosus OIN
Origin; Perineal body
Insertion; Perineal membrane & penile/clitoral aponeruosis
N: N: Pudendal S2-S4 (keep pee and poo off the floor)
Fxn:
1. move blood from clitoris/penis into glans
2. females; assist in closure around vagina
3. males; assits in emptying urethra
Superficial Transverse perineal
Origin; ischial tuberosity and ramus
Insertion; perineal body
N; pudendal
Fxn; stabilize the perineal body
Layer 2 perineal
OINs?
deep urogenital muscles
urogenital diaphragm = middle muscle layer
Layer 3 Perineal
Levator Ani and Coccygeus,
obturator internus + primiforis (pelvic walls)
Muscles of levator ani
Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus
Pudendal nerve branches
inferior rectal nerve
pudendal canal
perineal nerve
dorsal nerve of the penis
