Face Musles Lec Flashcards
All facial muscles (not mastication) are innervated by what nerve
facial nerve - cranial nerve 7
has lots of branches
what are the parts that make up the face
calvaria, floor of the cranial cavity, viscerocranium
What is the pterion and what happens if you get hit there?
4 bones meet together, get hit go to sleep
Orbicularis oculi
Palpebral part: gently shuts the eye
Orbital part: forcefully shuts the eye
How many bones of the cranium are there
22
*know the layers of muscles
Occipitofrontalis
Wrinkles forehead, lifts eyebrows
Nasalis
Transverse part: compresses nasal appetite
Alar part: flares the nostrils
Procerus
Draws down medial angle of eyebrows, produces horizontal lines over nose
Depressor Septi
Pull nose inferiorly (bunny nose)
Depressor anguli oris
Frown
Depressor labii inferioris
Draws bottom lip inferiorly and laterally
“Yikes”
Mentalis
Raises and protrudes lower lip
Pout
Corrugartor supercilii
Draws eyes medially and downward
Angry face, villain name
Risorius
Retracts corners of mouth (half effort grin)
Zygomaticus
Major: smile (corners of mouth up and away)
Minor: draws upper lip upward (showing teeth)
Orbicularis oris
Closed lips, protrudes lips
Buccinator
Presses cheek against teeth, compresses distended cheeks
Platysma
Tenses skin of neck and can bring corners of mouth down
Bell’s palsy
Bell’s palsy is a condition characterized by sudden, temporary weakness or paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face due to inflammation or compression of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII).
Stroke (CVA)
typically lower part of face is affected, sudden onset
TMJ bone articulation
mandibular fossa on temporalis bone meets with mandibular condyle on mandible
Articular disk lies between
mandibular fossa and mandibular condyle
What is the function of the articular disc in the TMJ joint?
increases congruency
minimizes loss of mobility
reduces friction
decreases biomechanical stress
The TMJ disc has two parts - what movements do they allow?
lower part allows depression and elevation
upper part allows protrusion and retraction
Muscles of mastication
masseter
temporalis
medial and lateral pterygoid
Masseter
A: elevate mandible
O: zygomatic arch and maxillary process
I: lateral mandibular rami
N: Masseteric N from anterior trunk of mandibular N
Temporalis
A: elevate and retract the mandible
O: temporal fossa
I: coronoid process and mandibular rami
N: deep temporal N from anterior trunk of mandibular N
Medial Pterygoid (internus)
A: elevate and contralaterally deviate mandible, both together would close the jaw
O:
- deep head; lateral plate of pterygoid process of sphenoid bone and palatine bone
- superficial head; tuberosity of maxilla and palatine bone
I: medial mandible near angle
N: Nerve to medial pterygoid from mandibular N
Lateral Pterygoid
A: protrusion and contralateral deviation of mandible
O: upper head; roof of infratemporal fossa, lower head; lateral surface of lateral plate of pterygoid process
I: capsule of TMJ near attachment to DISC; pterygoid fovea on mandibular neck
N: nerve to lateral pterygoid from anterior trunk of mandibular N or from buccal branch
Which mastication muscle attaches directly to the disc?
lateral pterygoid
Digastric muscle is ____ innervated
Dual
N: anterior belly; trigeminal N - Mandibular N
Posterior belly; facial nerve
digastric muscle action
anterior belly; opens mouth by lowering mandible; raises hyoid
Posterior belly - pulls hyoid upward and back
list the three ligaments of the TMJ joint
temporomandibular
stylomandibular ligament
sphenomandibular
What artery primarily feeds muscles of the face
external carotid artery
What is a nerve that does lots of sensory innervation to the face
trigeminal nerve
Bruxism
teeth drinding
plagiocephaly
asymmetrical flattening of one side of the skull
brachycephaly
flattened appearance at the back of the head
scaphocephaly
long narrow head
12 cranial nerves
o o o to touch and feel very good velvet ahhh
olfactory
optic
oculomotor
trochlear
trigeminal
abducens
facial
vestibulocochlear
glossopharyngeal
vagus
accessory
hypoglassal
