Lec 17 - Organization And Scedualing Motor Skill Practice Pt.1

Question 1

What is augmented feedback?

Answer 1

External information about performance, such as verbal feedback or a coach’s instructions.

Question 2

What is autonomy in motor learning?

Answer 2

A learner’s sense of control over their practice and learning process.

Question 3

What is competence in motor learning?

Answer 3

The learner’s feeling of mastery and skill development.

Question 4

What are continuous tasks?

Answer 4

Motor tasks involving uninterrupted movements, such as swimming or cycling.

Question 5

What are discrete tasks?

Answer 5

Motor tasks with a clear start and end, such as throwing a ball or pressing a button.

Question 6

What is distributed practice?

Answer 6

A practice schedule with long rest periods between practice trials, often exceeding the practice duration.

Question 7

What is massed practice?

Answer 7

A practice schedule with short or minimal rest periods between practice trials.

Question 8

What is mental practice?

Answer 8

Mentally rehearsing the steps of a skill, often through imagery or sequential walkthroughs.

Question 9

What is external focus in motor learning?

Answer 9

Directing attention to the effects of movements on the environment or the skill’s outcome.

Question 10

What is self-regulation in practice?

Answer 10

Allowing learners to control aspects of their practice, such as scheduling, task selection, or feedback frequency.

Question 11

What is yoked practice?

Answer 11

A practice design where one group self-regulates their practice, and another group (yoked) follows the same schedule.

Question 12

How does motivation influence motor learning?

Answer 12

Motivated learners devote more effort, practice more seriously, and have longer practice sessions.

Question 13

What are the three components of intrinsic motivation?

Answer 13

Autonomy: Control over learning. Competence: Mastery of skills. Relatedness: Connection within a social context.

Question 14

How does goal setting enhance motor learning?

Answer 14

By focusing attention, enhancing motivation, and fostering competence. Goals must be challenging but achievable.

Question 15

What are the risks of poorly set goals?

Answer 15

Too difficult: Leads to frustration and demotivation. Too easy: Fails to challenge the learner, hindering progress.

Question 16

What is the impact of augmented feedback on learning?

Answer 16

It improves error detection and correction. Even false positive feedback boosts motivation and performance.

Question 17

Why is self-regulated practice beneficial?

Answer 17

It increases autonomy, motivation, and learning outcomes compared to externally controlled (yoked) practice.

Question 18

Why are clear instructions important in motor learning?

Answer 18

They guide learners in the initial stages by providing key information about posture, focus, and expected feedback.

Question 19

What type of attentional focus is most effective for learning?

Answer 19

External focus, as it promotes automatic movement control and reduces conscious interference.

Question 20

How does mental practice support motor learning?

Answer 20

It reinforces neural pathways, improves task understanding, and enhances cognitive and motor aspects of learning.

Question 21

Why is distributed practice better for continuous tasks?

Answer 21

Longer rest periods reduce fatigue, improve performance, and enhance learning retention.

Question 22

Why is massed practice suitable for discrete tasks?

Answer 22

Rest duration has minimal impact on short-duration tasks, allowing for more practice within a session.

Question 23

How can rest periods in distributed practice be made more effective?

Answer 23

By incorporating mental practice or observation, learners can reflect, detect errors, and stay engaged.

Question 24

What is the difference between practice efficiency and effectiveness?

Answer 24

Efficiency: Maximizing practice time. Effectiveness: Prioritizing quality and retention of learning.

Question 25

What are the advantages and disadvantages of massed practice?

Answer 25

Advantages: More practice in less time. Disadvantages: Increased fatigue and diminished performance for long-duration tasks.

Question 26

What are the advantages and disadvantages of distributed practice?

Answer 26

Advantages: Better learning and retention for continuous tasks. Disadvantages: Less time-efficient.

Question 27

How does augmented feedback affect motivation?

Answer 27

Feedback (even false positive) increases confidence, autonomy, and competence, leading to improved performance.