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MSK > Lec 16 Bone Tumor > Flashcards

Lec 16 Bone Tumor Flashcards

1
Q

What are of bone most likely to have infection/tumor?

A

metaphysis

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2
Q

Who gets an osteoid osteoma?

A

young adults < 25 yo; M > F

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3
Q

What is location of osteoid osteoma?

A

in cortex of long bones

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4
Q

What are characteristics of osteoid osteoma?

A
  • benign, sharply demarcated osteoblastic
  • < 2 cm in size
  • pain at night relieved by aspirin
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5
Q

What is most common primary bone malignancy?

A

osteosarcoma

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6
Q

What are characteristics of osteosarcoma?

A
  • tumor produces bone matrix

- present w/ pain, swelling, pathologic fracture, high alkaline phosphatase

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7
Q

Who gets osteosarcoma?

A

young adults < 20; smaller peak after age 50

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8
Q

What is location of osteosarcoma?

A

near sites of active bone growth = metaphysis

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9
Q

Where does osteosarcoma metastasize?

A

hematogenously to lungs

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10
Q

What is treatment for osteosarcoma?

A

pre-op chemo + surgery

good prognosis

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11
Q

What are characteristics of osteochondroma?

A
  • most common benign bone tumor
  • can be solitary or multiple
  • neoplastic lateral outgrowth from growth plate w/ cartilaginous cap
  • rarely transforms to chondrosarcoma
  • synchronously grows w/ normal epiphyseal growth plate; stops growing when skeletal maturity reached
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12
Q

Who gets osteochondroma?

A

males < 25 yo

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13
Q

What is osteochondromatosis?

A

familial disorder with multiple hereditary osteochondromas

autosomal dominant
have asymmetric retardation of longitudinal bone growth

manifests in adolescence and ceases in adulthood

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14
Q

What is an enchondroma?

A

benign intramedullary hyaline cartilage neoplasm

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15
Q

Where does enchondroma occur?

A

appendicular skeleton in medullary region

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16
Q

What are characteristics of enchondroma?

A
  • variable presentation: aysmptomatic, painless swelling

- can resemble chondrosarcoma

17
Q

What is enchondromatosis [ollier disease]?

A

rare non hereditary disorder of multiple intramedullary cartilaginous tumors

affected limb may be shortened or deformed; rarely progresses past puberty

may develop assocaited chondrosarcoma or osteosarcoma

18
Q

What is maffucci syndrome?

A

enchondromatosis + hemangiomas

increased susceptibility to development of sarcoma

19
Q

What is chondrosarcoma?

A

malignant mesenchymal tumor of malignant cartilaginous cells

can be primary or arise from previous enchondroma or osteosarcoma

20
Q

Where is chondrosarcoma located?

A

in medullary cavity

21
Q

Who gets chondrosarcoma?

A

men 30-60 yo [peak 55]

22
Q

What is treatment for chondrosarcoma?

A

does not respond to chemo –> must remove surgically

23
Q

What do you see in ewing sarcoma radiographically?

A
  • destructive lytic lesion

- onion skin periosteal reaction

24
Q

Who gets ewing sarcoma?

A

10-15 yo; M > F

caucasians

25
Q

Where is ewing sarcoma located?

A

diaphysis of long bones

26
Q

What are characteristics of ewing sarcoma?

A

have pain in area, fever, sick = mimics osteomyeltis
warm, enlarging mass

from neuroectoderm –> mesenchymal cells = small round blue cel tumor; no matrix production

27
Q

What is treatment for ewing?

A

chemo, radiation, surgery

28
Q

What is a fibrous cortical defect?

A

non neoplastic intracortical proliferation of fibrous tissue and histiocytes

seen in kids M > F in metaphysis

29
Q

What is a non-ossifying fibroma?

A

fibrous cortical defect 2-5 cm
in adolescents
expanded into medullary cavity
may present w/ pathologic fracture

30
Q

What do you see on xray with non ossifying fibroma?

A

well circumscribed lytic lesion with slightly sclerotic rim

in metaphysis

31
Q

What is monostotic fibrous dysplasia?

A

single bone fibrous dysplasia

stops when growth plate closes

32
Q

What is fibrous dysplasia?

A

benign fibroosseus tumor

intramedullary proliferation of fibrous tissue + woven bone –> failure to differentiate to mature bone

33
Q

Who gets fibrous dysplasia?

A

age < 30 yo [kids and young adults]

34
Q

What are 3 types of fibrous dysplasia?

A

monostotic = single bone

polystotic = multiple bones

mccune albright syndrome = polyostotic FD + endocrine abnormalities [precocious puberty] + cafe au lait spots

35
Q

What are signs of mccune albright syndrome

A

polyostotic FD + endocrine abnormalities [precocious puberty] + cafe au lait spots

36
Q

What happens in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia?

A

present in young pts than monostotic; continues into adulthood

have craniofacial invovlement often

37
Q

What is a giant cell tumor?

A

benign locally aggressive; usually solitary tumor around knee

38
Q

Who gets a giant cell tumor?

A

20-40 yo

39
Q

Where is giant cell tumor located?

A

epiphysis

MSK (23 decks)

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