Lec 9 Spine Flashcards
How do spinal nerves exit vertebral column?
via intervertebral foramina
How many vertebrae of each type?
7 Cervical 12 Thoracic 5 Lumbar 1 Sacral [fused] 1 Coccygeal
What is natural curve of spine?
lordosis
What two structures make up the vertebral arch?
- pedicles
- laminae
WHat is most common cause of backpain?
damage to muscular attachments to vertebral body
Where does spinal cord end?
level of L1-L2
What common features of the cervical vertebrae?
- bifid spinous process
- foramina in transverse processes for vertebral a.
What kind of cervical subluxation in hyperflexion injuries? example?
anterior subluxation
ex. whiplash from car accident
WHere do most disk bulges occur?
lower cervical or lower lumbar regions
What happens in central herniation?
bulging disc material can compress spinal cord directly
What happens in lateral herniation/
disc material bulges to side and compresses spinal nerve root
What root is responsible for knee reflex?
L5
What root is responsible for extensor hallicus longus = ability to bring big toe up?
L4
What root is responsible for ankle reflex?
S1
What is a laminectomy?
remove spinous process and laminae and clear up disc material
