Learning Flashcards
What is the definition of learning?
The acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, practice, or study, or by being taught.
How does learning shape behavior?
Learning shapes behavior within a generation.
What are the two types of simple processes of learning?
- Habituation
- Sensitization
Define habituation.
Results when a reduction in response occurs from repeated exposure.
Define sensitization.
Results when a heightened response occurs as a result of repeated exposure.
What is an example of habituation?
Rustling leaves in a bush.
True or False: Habituation is fatigue.
False.
What is an example of sensitization?
Bees buzzing after being stung.
What is associative learning?
Occurs where some action of little significance suddenly becomes important.
What are the two types of associative learning?
- Classical conditioning (Pavlovian)
- Operant conditioning (instrumental)
What is classical conditioning?
Involves pairing two stimuli in close succession.
What is the unconditional stimulus in Pavlov’s experiment?
Food.
What is the conditioned stimulus in Pavlov’s experiment?
Bell.
What is the best response order in classical conditioning?
Delayed conditioning.
What is operant conditioning?
Requires the animal’s performance of some activity rather than an environmental stimulus.
What is shaping in operant conditioning?
Teaching relatively complex behaviors through reinforcement.
What is continuous reinforcement schedule?
Rewarded each time, resulting in the strongest and most consistent responses.
What is insight learning?
Learning which occurs with a mental process, where a problem suddenly becomes solved.
What is imprinting?
A learning mechanism with long-lasting and irreversible effects occurring during a critical period of development.
What happens if imprinting fails to occur early in life?
It can result in significant social recognition issues.
List the five types of learning discussed.
- Habituation
- Sensitization
*assoceate learning - imprinting
- Insight
Fill in the blank: Learning which occurs with a mental process is known as _______.
[insight]
True or False: Imprinting is reversible.
False.
What is a critical period in imprinting?
The time when imprinting occurs.
