Leadership/Community Flashcards
1 essential component of leadership?
Effective communication
other essential components: Conflict manager, Knowledge/competence/ Role model, Delegation, Identifies goals/objectives, Motivation, Proactive, Flexible
Authoritative leadership style
the nurse manager tells the staff what needs to be done and how to perform it without getting their advice or ideas
Democratic leadership style
the nurse manager allow input and participation from staff
Laissez-faire leadership style
the nurse manager has minimal input in work, lack of organization, coordination, and planning; not much sense of direction
Transactional leader
focus on immediate problems using rewards as motivation
Transformational leader
empower and motivate followers toward a common vision
Intrapersonal conflict
conflict with self
Interpersonal conflict
conflict between two or more people
Intergroup conflict
conflict in department, organization
Reportable incidents
Medication errors Procedure/treatment errors Equipment-related injuries/errors Needlestick injuries Client falls/injuries Visitor/volunteer injuries Threat made to client or staff Loss of property (e.g., dentures, jewelry, personal wheelchair)
Autonomy
make one’s own decisions
Beneficence
do good for others
Confidentiality
Observe the privacy of another and maintain strict confidence
Fidelity
to be faithful to agreements and responsibilities, to keep promises
Justice
to be fair to all people (when allocating limited resources)
Nonmaleficence
not to harm others
Paternalism
assuming the right to make decisions for another
Veracity
to tell the truth
Advocacy
the nurse assists the client to grow and develop toward self-actualization (emphasizes the values of caring, autonomy, respect, empowerment)
Living will
a type of advance directive that describes how a person wants emergency and/or end-of-life care to be managed when the individual is unable to make decisions
Durable power of attorney for health care
a legal document that designates a trusted individual to make health care decisions for the client
DNR
Do Not Resuscitate - a legal document saying that a person does not wish to prolong life through resuscitative efforts
Informed consent
- signed by clients who are ≥ 18 , mentally competent adult, legal guardian, emancipated or married minor, parent of a minor, or court order
- must know the procedure, risks, benefits, complications/SE, alternatives
- nurse’s role: witness the client’s signature and make sure the provider gave necessary info and client understood and competent to sign – notify provider if clarification needed
- *implied consent when it’s a life/limb situation
Mandatory report what?
Abuse of children and older adults and Communicable diseases (syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, HIV, Hep B and C, TB, Measles, Mumps, Chickenpox)
Impaired coworker (using drugs or alcohol), what to do?
report to the supervisor
Malpractice
an act on the part of a nurse for NOT meeting the expected standards of practice set by the nursing board = the nurse has breached her/his duty of care and this action has resulted in harm and injury
Negligence
Omission of doing something which a reasonable person would do, OR doing something that a reasonable person would not do
Emergent/Class I (red tag)
immediate threat to life; do not delay tx
Urgent/Class II (yellow tag)
major injuries that require tx; can delay tx 30 min - 2 hr
Nonurgent/Class III (green tag)
minor injuries that do not require immediate tx, can delay tx 2-4 hr
Expectant/Class IV (black tag)
expected and allowed to die; prepare for morgue
Effects of culturally competent care
- promotes communication
- promotes effective care
- improves treatment adherence
- mutual respect
American culture
- openly express positive/negative emotions
- direct eye contact
- maintain distance
- health viewed as absence of disease/illness
Asian culture
- do not openly express feelings
- head nodding does not mean agreement
- do not prefer direct eye contact
- touching someone on the head may be disrespectful
- reject psychiatric care
- use traditional/herbal remedies w/ medical care
- yin (cold) and yang (hot)
- no “hot” foods during pregnancy (chilies, ginger, animal products) – only cold foods (milk products, yogurt, sour foods and vegetables)
- RISKS: HTN, stomach/cervical/liver cancer, osteoporosis, thalassemia anemia, TB
Middle Eastern culture
- avoid eye contact with nonrelated people of opposite gender
- touching/exams by opposite genders prohibited
- avoid pork/alcohol
- (Muslims) - dying client may wish to be placed facing Mecca (usually EAST)
Hispanic/Latino culture
- needs of family take precedence
- “hot and cold” foods
- delay seeking healthcare
- evil eye
- food - fresh ingredients, beans, rice, fried foods
- “siesta” - midday nap important for maintaining health
- RISKS: DM, childhood obesity, HTN, Vit B12 deficiency anemia
African American culture
- church and religious life are important (prayers and visits from a minister are important)
- chronic/congenital illnesses consider as God’s will
- direct eye contact is rude
- attention from family/relatives is expected when sick
- RISKS: HTN, CAD, sickle-cell anemia, DM, prostate/breast/colorectal cancer, renal disease
Native American culture
- grandparents are decision-makers
- shamans used
- silence indicates respect
- eye contact may be disrespectful
- illness caused by supernatural forces
- RISKS: Alcohol use disorder, Gallbladder disease, DM, CAD, TB, Maternal-infant mortality, obesity, HTN
Catholics
- avoid meat on ash wednesdays and fridays for lent
- annointing of sick
- sacraments before death
Buddhism
- refuse care on holy days
- refuse analgesics
- avoid smoking/alcohol
- vegetarians
- shrine to buddha placed
- belief in karma
- cremation preferred
- after death, recite prayers for 1 hour
- chanting common
- family stays with body for 2 days
Hinduism
- no life-prolonging measures
- vegetarians
- soul is immortal
- illness is punishment of past behavior
- placed on floor while dying
- typing thread around person while dying
- sacred threads not removed after death
- family bathes client
Islam
- fast during Ramadan
- AVOID pork/alcohol
- don’t use cough syrup
- daily prayer rituals/privacy for prayer
Judaism
- kosher diet - avoid pork and shellfish and do not prepare and eat milk and meat at same time
- treatments sometimes refused on sabbath
Jehovah’s Witness
- refuse blood transfusions
- avoid foods prepared with blood or containing blood
- can eat animal flesh drained of blood
