Insulins & IV Solutions

Question 1

Rapid-acting: aspart (Novolog), lispro (Humalog)

Answer 1

• ONSET* 15 mins (have food at bedside)
• PEAK* 1 hr
• DURATION* 3 hr

Question 2

Short-acting: Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)

clear

Answer 2

• ONSET* 30 mins
• PEAK* 2 hr
• DURATION* 8 hr

Question 3

Intermediate: NPH (cloudy)

Answer 3

• ONSET* 2 hr
• PEAK* 8 hr
• DURATION* 16 hr

Question 4

Long-acting: insulin glargine (Lantus), detemir (Levemir)

Answer 4

• ONSET* 2
• PEAK* –
• DURATION* 24 hr

Question 5

Isotonic

Answer 5

goes into the vascular space and stays there

“Stay where I put it!”

Normal Saline (NS), Lactated Ringers (LR), D5W, D5¼

Question 6

Isotonic USES

Answer 6

N/V, burns, sweating, trauma

Question 7

NS is used when administering ____

Answer 7

blood

Question 8

Isotonic ALERT

Answer 8

Do not use w/ hypertension, cardiac disease or renal disease (can cause FVE, HTN, hypernatremia)

Question 9

Hypotonic

Answer 9

Goes into the vascular space and then shifts out into the cells to replace cellular fluid

“Go Out of the vessel”

D2.5%, 0.45% NS, 0.33% NS

Question 10

Hypotonic USES

Answer 10

Used w/ HTN, renal, or cardiac disease and needs fluid replacement b/c of N/V, burns, hemorrhage, etc. Also used for dilution for clients w/ hypernatremia and cellular dehydration

Question 11

Hypotonic ALERT

Answer 11

Watch for cellular edema b/c fluid is moving out of to the cells = lead to FVD and low BP

Question 12

Hypertonic

Answer 12

Volume expanders that will draw fluid into the vascular space from the cells; packed w/ particles

“Enter the vessel”

D10W, 3% NS, 5% NS, D5LR, D5½ NS, D5NS, TPN, Albumin

Question 13

Hypertonic USES

Answer 13

hyponatremia, client with 3rd spacing, severe edema, burns, ascites

Question 14

Hypertonic ALERT

Answer 14

Watch for FVE. Monitor BP, pulse, CVP (esp with 3% or 5% NS)