Layer C, Task 5

Question 1

Circulatory system

Answer 1

Organ system made up of the heart, blood & blood vessels

Question 2

Purpose of circulatory system

Answer 2

• Transports OXYGEN + NUTRIENTS throughout body
• Carries away WASTE
• Regulates BODY TEMP & transports DISEASE-FIGHTING white blood cells

Question 3

3 different types of tissue in the heart

Answer 3

• Cardiac muscle tissue
• Nerve tissue
• Connective tissue

Question 4

Cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 4

Makes the heart contract and moves blood throughout the body

Question 5

4 components of blood

Answer 5

• Red blood cells
• White blood cells
• Platelets
• Plasma

Question 6

Red blood cells

Answer 6

Contain hemoglobin (a protein), which allows them to transport oxygen throughout the body

Question 7

White blood cells

Answer 7

Fight infection

Question 8

Platelets

Answer 8

Tiny cells that help in blood clotting

Question 9

Plasma

Answer 9

Protein-rich liquid that carries the blood cells along

Question 10

3 types of blood vessels

Answer 10

• Arteries
• Veins
• Capillaries

Question 11

Arteries vs. veins

Answer 11

Arteries carry blood away from heart
Veins carry blood toward heart

Question 12

Gas exchange in the circulatory system

Answer 12

Capillaries enable exchange of gases between blood + body tissues

Question 13

Coronary artery disease

Answer 13

Coronary arteries (provide blood to the heart muscle tissue) can become partially blocked w/ plaque

Question 14

Why is the heart divided into the right & left side?

Answer 14

Protects oxygen-rich blood from mixing w/ oxygen-poor blood

Question 15

What does the right side do?

Answer 15

Pumps blood to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs, which refresh the blood w/ a new supply of oxygen

Question 16

What does the left side do?

Answer 16

The oxygenated blood is pumped through the aorta to the body to supply tissues w/ oxygen

Question 17

4 valves within your heart that keep your blood moving the right way

Answer 17

• Tricuspid
• Mitral
• Pulmonary
• Aortic

Question 18

Systole + diastole

Answer 18

Systole: ventricles contract, forcing blood into the vessels
Diastole: ventricles relax and fill w/ blood from upper chambers (L + R atria)

Question 19

How is the heart nourished by blood?

Answer 19

Coronary arteries extend over surface of heart + branch into smaller capillaries

Question 20

Respiratory system

Answer 20

Organ system made up of lungs, nose, mouth, trachea + bronchi

Question 21

Gas exchange in the respiratory system

Answer 21

Oxygen ENTERS bloodstream in lungs by diffusion
Carbon dioxide LEAVES bloodstream in lungs by diffusion

Question 22

How does gas exchange in the respiratory system work?

Answer 22

More oxygen in alveoli than blood in the lungs –> oxygen always diffuses into the blood

Question 23

Breathing

Answer 23

• Diaphragm + external intercoastal muscles contract, causing chess cavity to expand
• Makes pressure inside lungs lower than outside air
• Gases move from areas of high pressure to low pressure = lungs fill w/ air

Question 24

Respiratory system in fish

Answer 24

Gills have capillaries that bring blood close to water, oxygen can diffuse from water to blood