Latest chapter 16

Question 1

chromosomes of the same morphology with the same genes in the same location; diploid organisms have pairs of homologous chromosomes (homologs), with each homolog derived from a different parent

Answer 1

homologous chromosome

Question 2

stage of mitosis during which the nuclear membrane breaks down and mitotic spindle fibers attach to kinetochores

Answer 2

prometaphase

Question 3

cell, nucleus, or organism containing two sets of chromosomes (2n)

Answer 3

diploid

Question 4

division of the cytoplasm following mitosis that forms two daughter cells

Answer 4

cytokinesis

Question 5

period of the cell cycle during which duplicated chromosomes are distributed into two nuclei and cytoplasmic contents are divided; includes karyokinesis (mitosis) and cytokinesis

Answer 5

mitotic phase

Question 6

period of the cell cycle leading up to mitosis; includes G1, S, and G2 phases (the interim period between two consecutive cell divisions)

Answer 6

Interphase

Question 7

stage of mitosis during which chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate

Answer 7

anaphase

Question 8

ordered series of events involving cell growth and cell division that produces two new daughter cells

Answer 8

cell cycle

Question 9

division of the nucleus into two daughter nuclei

Answer 9

karyokinesis

Question 10

one of the two identical copies that makes up half of a duplicated chromosome

Answer 10

sister chromatid

Question 11

all of the genetic material of a cell or organism

Answer 11

genome

Question 12

stage of mitosis during which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are surrounded by a new nuclear envelope

Answer 12

telophase

Question 13

a cell formed by the union of two gametes; the first cell of a new individual

Answer 13

zygote

Question 14

segment of DNA that codes for a functional molecule (usually, a protein)

Answer 14

gene

Question 15

stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids are separated from each other

Answer 15

anaphase

Question 16

a quiescent phase outside of the cell cycle

Answer 16

G0 phase

Question 17

stage of mitosis during which chromosomes condense and the mitotic spindle begins to form

Answer 17

prophase

Question 18

first phase of interphase centered on cell growth during mitosis

Answer 18

G1 phase

Question 19

second, or synthesis, stage of interphase during which DNA replication occurs

Answer 19

S phase

Question 20

third phase of interphase during which the cell undergoes final preparations for mitosis

Answer 20

G2 phase