Chapter 9 Post

Question 1

Which process drives the formation of a bilayer when phospholipids are added to water?

Answer 1

Phospholipids self-assemble into a bilayer due to their amphipathic (amphiphilic) nature

Question 2

A cell membrane is said to be a bilayer. What forms the two layers?

Answer 2

Phospholipid molecules that self-arrange tail-to-tail.

Question 3

A steroid hormone has undergone a mutation that makes it polar instead of nonpolar. How might this interfere with its function?

Answer 3

The polar hormone won’t be able to pass through the cell membrane to reach its target.

Question 4

The plasma membrane is a mosaic. Which of the following are found in the plasma membrane? (select all that apply)

Answer 4

glycolipids

phospholipids

glycoproteins

proteins

cholesterol

Question 5

Which of the following are functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 5

store calcium ions
synthesize carbohydrates
synthesize steroid hormones
detoxify poisons

Question 6

Which of the following terms describes a signaling molecule that regulates physiology, behavior, or development?

Answer 6

hormone

Question 7

Which of the following is studded with ribosomes and has the function of protein modification and phospholipid synthesis?

Answer 7

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

Which of the following synthesizes carbohydrates, lipids, and steroid hormones, stores calcium ions, and detoxifies certain chemicals?

Answer 8

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

Secondary structure includes (select all that apply):

Answer 9

beta-sheets
alpha-helices

Question 10

A peptide bond is:

Answer 10

a covalent bond linking the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of another amino acid

Question 11

Substrates bind to an enzyme at the _________________________.

Answer 11

active site

Question 12

An enzyme lowers the __________________________ of a chemical reaction.

Answer 12

activation energy

Question 13

Polymers are broken down into monomers by which type of reaction?

Answer 13

hydrolysis

Question 14

RNA (ribonucleic acid) is made up of many nucleotides attached to each other by covalent bonds. In this example, each nucleotide is a ____________.

Answer 14

monomer

Question 15

Changing the pH can cause a protein to:

Answer 15

unfold

Question 16

A steroid hormone has undergone a mutation that makes it polar instead of nonpolar. How might this interfere with its function?

Answer 16

The polar hormone won’t be able to pass through the cell membrane to reach its target.

Question 17

Which of the following is found in animal cells and breaks down macromolecules and organelles?

Answer 17

lysosome

Question 18

Almost all cellular processes are carried out by:

Answer 18

proteins

Question 19

An allosteric inhibitor does which of the following?

Answer 19

Binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, decreasing its affinity for the substrate

Question 20

RNA (ribonucleic acid) is made up of many nucleotides attached to each other by covalent bonds. In this example, each nucleotide is a

Answer 20

monomer

Question 21

Water molecules sticking to each other is called _____________; water molecules sticking to other polar or charged molecules is called __________

Answer 21

Cohesion
Adhesion