Chapter 8 Post Flashcards
Enzymes change by being broken down after a chemical reaction.
False
Enzymes, molecules that help to catalyze chemical reactions, can be classified as__________.
proteins
When an enzyme and substrate bind, the complex is called
enzyme/substrate complex
The active site of an enzyme is the region that
binds substrates for the enzyme
A noncompetitive inhibitor decreases the rate of an enzymatic reaction by
changing the shape of the enzyme active site
Amino acids with ___________ side chains would tend to be found ____________ in a globular protein
hydrophobic
Interior
Match the protein function with the correct example.
Communication
Enzyme
Storage
Communication: the protein hormone leptin is released from adipose tissues and signals the brain cells to inhibit the feeling of hunger
Enzyme: alpha-amylase speeds the process of breaking down starch molecules into glucose via hydrolyses
Storage: Ferritin stores iron for later use
When sodium chloride (NaCl) is dissolved in water, what happens? (select ALL)
Na+ and Cl- dissociate
Cl- interacts with the partially positive hydrogens of water
Na+ interacts with the partially negative oxygens of water
All of the chemical reactions in the cell are referred to as a cell’s ____________________________.
metabolism
Catabolic reaction:
Anabolic Reaction:
Catabolic reaction: releases energy
Anabolic reaction: Requires energy
Enzymes are almost always
proteins
Substrates bind to an enzyme at the _________________________.
active site
An allosteric inhibitor does which of the following?
Binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, decreasing its affinity for the substrate
When you eat a meal, enzymes in your digestive system break down lipids into fatty acids. This is an example of ___________ and it _____________ energy
Catabolism
Releases
An alpha-helix is an example of ______________ structure, is held together by ___________
Secondary
Hydrogen bonds
Water retains a lot of heat, which is important for keeping homeothermic (“warm-blooded”) animals at the correct temperature to maintain life. This is due to which property of water?
its high specific heat capacity
Substrate molecules chemically interact with the _________ of an enzymes amino acids at the __________
side chains
active site
Reactions that break down larger molecules into smaller molecules are ____________________ reactions.
catabolic
A molecule that an enzyme binds to and acts upon is referred to as a ______________________.
substrate
Quinazolinone binds to a bacterial enzyme at a place other than the active site, changing the shape of the enzyme and reducing its activity. Quinazolinone is an example of a(n):
allosteric inhibitor
Substrates bind to an enzyme at the _________________________.
active site
An allosteric inhibitor does which of the following?
Binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, decreasing its affinity for the substrate
The enzyme urease requires two nickel ions at the active site in order to work. The nickel ions are:
cofactors
