Chapter 8 Post

Question 1

Enzymes change by being broken down after a chemical reaction.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Enzymes, molecules that help to catalyze chemical reactions, can be classified as__________.

Answer 2

proteins

Question 3

When an enzyme and substrate bind, the complex is called

Answer 3

enzyme/substrate complex

Question 4

The active site of an enzyme is the region that

Answer 4

binds substrates for the enzyme

Question 5

A noncompetitive inhibitor decreases the rate of an enzymatic reaction by

Answer 5

changing the shape of the enzyme active site

Question 6

Amino acids with ___________ side chains would tend to be found ____________ in a globular protein

Answer 6

hydrophobic

Interior

Question 7

Match the protein function with the correct example.

Communication
Enzyme
Storage

Answer 7

Communication: the protein hormone leptin is released from adipose tissues and signals the brain cells to inhibit the feeling of hunger

Enzyme: alpha-amylase speeds the process of breaking down starch molecules into glucose via hydrolyses

Storage: Ferritin stores iron for later use

Question 8

When sodium chloride (NaCl) is dissolved in water, what happens? (select ALL)

Answer 8

Na+ and Cl- dissociate

Cl- interacts with the partially positive hydrogens of water

Na+ interacts with the partially negative oxygens of water

Question 9

All of the chemical reactions in the cell are referred to as a cell’s ____________________________.

Answer 9

metabolism

Question 10

Catabolic reaction:
Anabolic Reaction:

Answer 10

Catabolic reaction: releases energy

Anabolic reaction: Requires energy

Question 11

Enzymes are almost always

Answer 11

proteins

Question 12

Substrates bind to an enzyme at the _________________________.

Answer 12

active site

Question 13

An allosteric inhibitor does which of the following?

Answer 13

Binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, decreasing its affinity for the substrate

Question 14

When you eat a meal, enzymes in your digestive system break down lipids into fatty acids. This is an example of ___________ and it _____________ energy

Answer 14

Catabolism
Releases

Question 15

An alpha-helix is an example of ______________ structure, is held together by ___________

Answer 15

Secondary

Hydrogen bonds

Question 16

Water retains a lot of heat, which is important for keeping homeothermic (“warm-blooded”) animals at the correct temperature to maintain life. This is due to which property of water?

Answer 16

its high specific heat capacity

Question 17

Substrate molecules chemically interact with the _________ of an enzymes amino acids at the __________

Answer 17

side chains
active site

Question 18

Reactions that break down larger molecules into smaller molecules are ____________________ reactions.

Answer 18

catabolic

Question 19

A molecule that an enzyme binds to and acts upon is referred to as a ______________________.

Answer 19

substrate

Question 20

Quinazolinone binds to a bacterial enzyme at a place other than the active site, changing the shape of the enzyme and reducing its activity. Quinazolinone is an example of a(n):

Answer 20

allosteric inhibitor

Question 21

Substrates bind to an enzyme at the _________________________.

Answer 21

active site

Question 22

An allosteric inhibitor does which of the following?

Answer 22

Binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, decreasing its affinity for the substrate

Question 23

The enzyme urease requires two nickel ions at the active site in order to work. The nickel ions are:

Answer 23

cofactors