Lasers and Light Flashcards
Frequency and wavelength are ________ proportional to each other.
Inversely
Monochromatic
single wavelength
_____-______ electromagnetic radiation can be used for therapeutic medical applications.
Lower frequency
When is electromagnetic radiation greatest reaching the body?
Energy output is high, source is close to patient, beam is perpendicular to surface of skin
Clinical effects of electromagnetic radiation are determined by the radiations _______ and _______.
Frequency and wavelength
Which ranges can frequencies of clinical electromagnetic radiation be in?
IR, visible light, UV, shortwave, or microwave
Which ranges can be used to heat deep tissues?
Shortwave and microwave energy
Which types of electromagnetic energy causes non thermal effects?
UV radiation, low levels of pulsed diathermy or light
The first laser was made using _____ as the lasing medium.
Ruby
____ ______ introduced the concept of stimulated emission.
Albert Einstein
Light can stimulate ___ and ___ production within cells.
ATP and RNA
Laser and light therapy is also thought to enhance tissue healing by promoting _____ ______, likely by stimulating production of mRNA that codes for procollagen.
collagen production
Much like UV light from the sun, therapeutic laser light in the wavelengths of 405-670 nm (visible red to blue) can also ____ bacterial growth. (cause, or inhibit?)
inhibit
Some authors report that laser light can induce vaso_____, particularly of the microcirculation.
dilation
The increased activation of nervous tissue by laser light appeared to be more pronounced with which type of laser light? (red, blue, or IR)
red
Studies, review articles, and metaanalyses have be published concerning the use of (low or high)-level laser and light therapy to promote the healing of chronic and acute wounds in humans and animals.
low
True or False:
Laser and light therapy is used for the management of pain and dysfunction associated with arthritis?
True
True or False:
Laser and light therapy should NOT be used to effect lymphedema or modulate inflammation.
False
True or False:
Ongoing studies suggest an impact of laser light irradiation on nerve conduction, regeneration, function, and some other neurological conditions.
True
Many studies have found that laser and light therapy may (reduce, or cause) the PAIN and disability associated with a wide variety of neruromusculoskeletal conditions.
reduce
Both clinician and patient should wear _______(googles, mask, gown) during laser treatment, and the_______(googles, mask, gown) should be marked witht he range of wavelengths they block
goggles, goggles
Laser and light therapy _______(increase, decrease) blood flow and cellular energy production. These effects may_______(increase, decrease) the growth rate of metastasis of malignant tissue.
increase, increase
Lasers and light should not be applied to areas that have recently been exposed to ______(radiotherapy, heat, cold) because______(radiotherapy, heat, cold) increases tissue susceptibility to malignancy and burns.
radiotherapy, radiotherapy
Laser and light therapy are contraindicated in hemorrhaging regions because this intervention may cause_____(vasodilation, vasoconstriction) and thus______(increase, decrease) bleeding.
vasodilation, increase
True or false:
Light and laser therapy to the are of the thyroid gland can alter hormone levels and result in changes in serum concentrations of luthenizing hormones, follicle-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, testosterone, cortisol and aldosterone.
True
True or false:
The effects of light and laser therapy on fetal development, fertilization and epiphyseal plate growth or closure are not known.
True
which one does not belong in the list? Precautions include: low back pain during pregnancy epiphysal plates in children impaired sensation, mentation photobia pretreatment with photosensitizers cryotherapy
cryotherapy
Other potential hazard of laser or light therapy is
______( burns, bruise)
burns
Red light is suitable for treating______(deep, superficial) tissue.
deep
Blue light is suitable for treating______(deep, superficial) tissue.
superficial
