Lasers and Light

Question 1

Frequency and wavelength are ________ proportional to each other.

Answer 1

Inversely

Question 2

Monochromatic

Answer 2

single wavelength

Question 3

_____-______ electromagnetic radiation can be used for therapeutic medical applications.

Answer 3

Lower frequency

Question 4

When is electromagnetic radiation greatest reaching the body?

Answer 4

Energy output is high, source is close to patient, beam is perpendicular to surface of skin

Question 5

Clinical effects of electromagnetic radiation are determined by the radiations _______ and _______.

Answer 5

Frequency and wavelength

Question 6

Which ranges can frequencies of clinical electromagnetic radiation be in?

Answer 6

IR, visible light, UV, shortwave, or microwave

Question 7

Which ranges can be used to heat deep tissues?

Answer 7

Shortwave and microwave energy

Question 8

Which types of electromagnetic energy causes non thermal effects?

Answer 8

UV radiation, low levels of pulsed diathermy or light

Question 9

The first laser was made using _____ as the lasing medium.

Answer 9

Ruby

Question 10

____ ______ introduced the concept of stimulated emission.

Answer 10

Albert Einstein

Question 11

Light can stimulate ___ and ___ production within cells.

Answer 11

ATP and RNA

Question 12

Laser and light therapy is also thought to enhance tissue healing by promoting _____ ______, likely by stimulating production of mRNA that codes for procollagen.

Answer 12

collagen production

Question 13

Much like UV light from the sun, therapeutic laser light in the wavelengths of 405-670 nm (visible red to blue) can also ____ bacterial growth. (cause, or inhibit?)

Answer 13

inhibit

Question 14

Some authors report that laser light can induce vaso_____, particularly of the microcirculation.

Answer 14

dilation

Question 15

The increased activation of nervous tissue by laser light appeared to be more pronounced with which type of laser light? (red, blue, or IR)

Answer 15

red

Question 16

Studies, review articles, and metaanalyses have be published concerning the use of (low or high)-level laser and light therapy to promote the healing of chronic and acute wounds in humans and animals.

Answer 16

low

Question 17

True or False:

Laser and light therapy is used for the management of pain and dysfunction associated with arthritis?

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True or False:

Laser and light therapy should NOT be used to effect lymphedema or modulate inflammation.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

True or False:
Ongoing studies suggest an impact of laser light irradiation on nerve conduction, regeneration, function, and some other neurological conditions.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Many studies have found that laser and light therapy may (reduce, or cause) the PAIN and disability associated with a wide variety of neruromusculoskeletal conditions.

Answer 20

reduce

Question 21

Both clinician and patient should wear _______(googles, mask, gown) during laser treatment, and the_______(googles, mask, gown) should be marked witht he range of wavelengths they block

Answer 21

goggles, goggles

Question 22

Laser and light therapy _______(increase, decrease) blood flow and cellular energy production. These effects may_______(increase, decrease) the growth rate of metastasis of malignant tissue.

Answer 22

increase, increase

Question 23

Lasers and light should not be applied to areas that have recently been exposed to ______(radiotherapy, heat, cold) because______(radiotherapy, heat, cold) increases tissue susceptibility to malignancy and burns.

Answer 23

radiotherapy, radiotherapy

Question 24

Laser and light therapy are contraindicated in hemorrhaging regions because this intervention may cause_____(vasodilation, vasoconstriction) and thus______(increase, decrease) bleeding.

Answer 24

vasodilation, increase

Question 25

True or false:
Light and laser therapy to the are of the thyroid gland can alter hormone levels and result in changes in serum concentrations of luthenizing hormones, follicle-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, testosterone, cortisol and aldosterone.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

True or false:
The effects of light and laser therapy on fetal development, fertilization and epiphyseal plate growth or closure are not known.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

which one does not belong in the list?
Precautions include:
low back pain during pregnancy
epiphysal plates in children
impaired sensation, mentation
photobia
pretreatment with photosensitizers
cryotherapy

Answer 27

cryotherapy

Question 28

Other potential hazard of laser or light therapy is

______( burns, bruise)

Answer 28

burns

Question 29

Red light is suitable for treating______(deep, superficial) tissue.

Answer 29

deep

Question 30

Blue light is suitable for treating______(deep, superficial) tissue.

Answer 30

superficial