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DPT 623 Physical Agents > Diathermy > Flashcards

Diathermy Flashcards

1
Q

What determines how much energy will be absorbed by the tissue and how warm it will become when using diathermy?

A

Electromagnetic field intensity and tissue type.

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2
Q

What advantages does diathermy have over other thermal agents?

A

It can heat deeper tissues than superficial hot packs and heat larger areas than ultrasound.

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3
Q

What are the three types of diathermy applicators?

A

Inductive coils, capacitive plates, and magnetron.

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4
Q

Which type(s) of diathermy applicators apply shortwave diathermy?

A

Inductive coils or capacitive plates.

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5
Q

Which type(s) of diathermy applicators apply microwave diathermy?

A

Magnetron

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6
Q

What structure does NOT reflect shortwave diathermy?

A

Bone

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7
Q

Microwave diathermy is reflected where?

A

At tissue interfaces such as those between air and skin, between skin and fat, and between soft tissue and bone.

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8
Q

Inductive coils heat which types of tissues the best?

A

Tissues closest to the applicator and with the highest electrical conductivity.

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9
Q

Which types of tissues have high electrical conductivity?

A

Tissues with a high water and electrolyte content such as muscle and synovial fluid.

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10
Q

Which types of tissues have low electrical conductivity?

A

Tissues with low water and electrolyte content such as fat, bone, and collagen.

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11
Q

What should all be included when documenting diathermy?

A

area of the body to be treated
frequency range, average power or power setting, pulse rate, time of irradiation, type of applicator, treatment duration, patient positioning, distance of the applicator from the patient, patient’s response to the treatment

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12
Q

What should be the first consideration when considering purchasing a diathermy device?

A

Whether it outputs a thermal or non-thermal level of energy

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13
Q

T/F With magnetron microwave applicator you place the two plates an equal distance on either side of the area to be treated, approximately 2 to 10 cm from the skin surface.

A

False, this describes capacitive applicator

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14
Q

When using an inductive applicator with a cable how would you position it on your patient?

A

cable should be wrapped around the towel-covered limb to be treated, with tuns of the cable spaced at least 3 cm apart and rubber or wooden spacers used to keep cable separated

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15
Q

What is the duration that thermal level diathermy is usually applied?

A

20 min

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16
Q

T/F Diathermy is a good agent to use for infection control, if patient cannot tolerate direct contact with the skin, or if the area is in a cast.

A

True pg. 213

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17
Q

You would wrap the area to be treated with towels, to absorb local perspiration, for thermal or PSWD non-thermal diathermy?

A

Thermal

18
Q

After starting your patient on diathermy, how long should you wait before checking on them?

A

check on them after 5 min

19
Q

How long and often is PSWD usually applied for?

A

30 to 60 min, once to twice daily

20
Q

During application of diathermy what should you tell your patient they should expect to feel?

A

they should feel a comfortable sensation of mild warmth with no increase in pain or discomfort

21
Q

There are 3 shortwave frequency bands, what are they?

A

13.56, 27.12, 40.68 MHz

22
Q

Of those three frequencies, which one is most commonly used for SWD devices?

A

27.12 MHz

23
Q

What frequency do microwave components most frequently use?

A

2450 MHz

24
Q

What is the shortwave radio frequency signal range?

A

1.8-30 MHz

25
Q

what is the microwave radio frequency signal range?

A

300 MHz to 300 GHz

26
Q

what are the clinical indications for use of thermal diathermy?

A

pain control, accelerated tissue healing, decreased joint stiffness, and increased joint ROM

27
Q

What are the clinical indications for use of non-thermal diathermy?

A

control of pain and edema; soft tissue, nerve, and bone healing; improvement of osteoarthritis symptoms, possible therapeutic benefits when applied in the treatment of various forms of neuropathy, ischemic skin flaps, cerebral diseases, and myocardial diseases

28
Q

what are the 5 contraindications of thermal diathermy?

A

metal, malignancy, over the eyes, over the testes, over growing epiphyses

29
Q

what are the 3 contraindications of non-thermal diathermy?

A

deep tissue such as internal organs; substitute for conventional therapy for edema and pain; pacemakers, electronic devices, or metal implants

30
Q

what are the 3 precautions when it comes to all forms of diathermy?

A

near electronic or magnetic equipment; obesity; copper-bearing intrauterine contraceptive devices

31
Q

T/F Even when skin temperature does not increase with deep heating, the patient can sweat

A

True

32
Q

T/F Shortwave diathermy heats all tissues equally

A

False, Shortwave diathermy concentrates heat in tissues with high fluid content

33
Q

Should capacitive applicator be used for patients with obesity?

A

With caution, may heat fat excessively

34
Q

Pulsed short wave diathermy has been found to produce changes in ______ __________

A

myosin phosphorylation

35
Q

Inductive coils heat deeper tissues more ______ than capacitive plates

A

effectively

36
Q

_____ is electromagnetic radiation that is nonionizing and that cannot break molecular bonds or produce ions

A

Low-frequency electromagnetic radiation

37
Q

______ is non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation with a frequency range 300 MHz to 300 GHz, which lies between the ranges of radiofrequency and IR radiation

A

Microwave radiation

38
Q

Should a continuous SWD device with an inductive coil applicator in a drum form be used on a patient with adhesive capsulitis?

A

Yes, recommended

39
Q

What type of intervention should be used on a patient with an acute ankle inversion sprain?

A

nonthermal PSWD

40
Q

Can nonthermal PSWD be applied on a pressure ulcer even if the patient is insensate or cognitively incapable of giving sensory feedback?

A

Yes, nonthermal PSWD produced little sensation

DPT 623 Physical Agents (16 decks)

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