Inflammation and Tissue Repair

Question 1

What are the 5 cardinal signs of inflammation?

Answer 1

Calor-heat
Rubor-redness
Dolor-pain
Tumor-swelling
Loss of function

Question 2

True or False: Vasoconstriction is defined as the constriction of damaged vessels to decrease blood loss mediated by norepinephrine

Answer 2

True

Question 3

True or False: Within the cellular response of the inflammatory phase, RBCs(red blood cells) play a major role in inflammation.

Answer 3

False

White blood cells play a major role in wound debridement and phagocytosis.

Question 4

What are the two major roles of the proliferation phase?

Answer 4

1. Rebuilding the damaged structure

2. Strengthening the wound

Question 5

During the hemostatic response of the inflammatory phase, platelets bind to collagen and release what?

Answer 5

Fibrin

Question 6

During the inflammatory phase, what it the only source of tensile strength?

Answer 6

Fibrin

Question 7

Vasodialation increase of decreases cell permeability.

Answer 7

Increases

Question 8

The purpose of the maturation phase of inflammation is to…

Answer 8

Modify scar tissue into its mature form

Question 9

What is the suffix for inflammation?

Answer 9

-itis

Question 10

The immune response of the inflammatory phase is mediated by what two factors?

Answer 10

Humoral and cellular

Question 11

According to the gate control theory, pain is modulated at what level by inhibitory effects of innocuous afferent input?

Answer 11

Spinal cord level

Question 12

What peptides, previously known as endorphins, control pain by binding to specific opiate receptors in the nervous system?

Answer 12

Opiopeptins

Question 13

When evaluating a patient’s pain, the assessment should include which aspects of the pain?

Answer 13

1. Causes and sources of pain
2. Intensity and duration of pain
3. Degree to which the pain affects their function, activity, and participation

Question 14

Which pain assessment tools are best used for a quick estimate of pain severity?

Answer 14

Visual analog scale

Numeric pain scale

Question 15

Which pain assessment tool should be used to obtain a detailed pain description?

Answer 15

Semantic differential pain scale

Question 16

In selecting which assessment to use to measure pain what should you consider?

Answer 16

1. Symptom duration
2. Patient’s cognitive abilities
3. The time needed to assess the patient’s report of pain

Question 17

The primary intervention used to alleviate pain, although not always the most appropriate, is the administration of what?

Answer 17

Pharmacological agents

Question 18

What is the method used to allow patients to self-administer small, repeated intravenous doses of opioids through a pump?

Answer 18

Patient-controlled analgesia

Question 19

Which physical agent controls acute pain by reducing the metabolic rate and thus reducing the production and release of inflammatory mediators such as serotonin and histamine?

Answer 19

Cryotherapy

Question 20

What type of program attempts to address not only the physical and physiological aspects of the patient’s pain, but also the behavioral, cognitive-affective, and environmental factors contributing to their symptoms by the use of medical, psychological, and physical interventions?

Answer 20

Multidisciplinary pain treatment programs

Question 21

What has both analgesic and antiinflammatory properties that can therefore relieve pain from both inflammatory and noninflammatory sources?

Answer 21

NSAIDs - Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs

Question 22

What pharmacological agent is useful for patients who cannot tolerate NSAIDs because of gastric irritation or when prolonged bleeding time caused by NSAIDs would be a disadvantage?

Answer 22

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)