Laryngeal and Hyoids

Question 1

Aryepiglottic

Answer 1

Origin Apex (superior part) of the arytenoid cartilage
Insertion Epiglottis
Action Draws the epiglottis posteriorly and downward during swallowing
Innervation Inferior laryngeal nerve from recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the
vagus (X)
Artery Laryngeal branch of superior thyroid a.

Question 2

Oblique Arytenoid

Answer 2

Origin Muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
Insertion Posterior surface of the contralateral arytenoid cartilage, near its apex
Action Draw the arytenoid cartilages together, adducting the vocal folds
Innervation Inferior laryngeal nerve from recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the
vagus(X)
Artery Laryngeal branch of superior thyroid a.

Question 3

Transverse Arytenoid

Answer 3

Origin Posterior surface of the arytenoid cartilage
Insertion Posterior surface of the contra lateral arytenoid cartilage
Action Draw the arytenoid cartilages together, adducting the vocal folds
Innervation Inferior laryngeal nerve from recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the
vagus (X)
Artery Laryngeal branch of superior thyroid a.

Question 4

Lateral Cricoarytenoid

Answer 4

Origin Arch of the cricoid cartilage
Insertion Muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
Action Draws the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage anteriorly, which
pivots the arytenoid cartilage and adducts the vocal folds
Innervation Inferior laryngeal nerve from recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the
vagus (X)
Artery Superior laryngeal a., cricothyroid branch of superior thyroid a.

Question 5

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

Answer 5

Origin Posterior surface of the lamina of the cricoid cartilage
Insertion Muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
Action Draws the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage posteriorly, which
pivots the arytenoid cartilage and abducts the vocal folds
Innervation Inferior laryngeal nerve from recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the
vagus (X)
Artery Superior laryngeal a., cricothyroid branch of superior thyroid a.

Question 6

Cricothyroid

Answer 6

Origin Arch of the cricoid cartilage
Insertion Inferior border of the thyroid cartilage
Action Draws the thyroid cartilage forward, lengthening the vocal ligaments
Innervation External branch of superior laryngeal nerve (a branch of the vagus (X))
Artery Cricothyroid branch of superior thyroid a.

Question 7

Thyroarytenoid

Answer 7

Origin Inner surface of the thyroid cartilage anteriorly
Insertion Lateral border of the arytenoid cartilage
Action Draws the arytenoid cartilage forward, relaxing and adducting the vocal
folds
Innervation Inferior laryngeal nerve from recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the
vagus (X)
Artery Laryngeal branch of superior thyroid a.

Question 8

Thyroepiglottic

Answer 8

Origin Inner surface of the thyroid cartilage near the laryngeal prominence
Insertion Lateral surface of the epiglottic cartilage
Action Draws the epiglottic cartilage downward
Innervation Inferior laryngeal nerve from recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the
vagus (X)
Artery Laryngeal branch of superior thyroid a.

Question 9

Trachealis

Answer 9

Origin Posterior edge of the tracheal cartilage
Insertion Posterior edge of the tracheal cartilage of other side Uoins tracheal rings
posteriorly)
Action Constricts the bronchi and trachea
Innervation Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from vagus (X)
Artery Inferior thyroid a., bronchial aa.

Question 10

Vocalis

Answer 10

Origin Surface of the thyroid cartilage, vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage
Insertion Vocal ligament
Action Relaxes segments of the vocal ligament, thereby adjusting pitch
Innervation Inferior laryngeal nerve from recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the
vagus (X)
Artery Laryngeal branch of superior thyroid a.

Question 11

Digastric

Answer 11

Origin Anterior belly: digastric fossa of the mandible
Posterior belly: mastoid notch of the temporal bone
Insertion Body of the hyoid via a fibrous loop over an intermediate tendon
Action Elevates the hyoid bone; depresses the mandible
Innervation Anterior belly: mylohyoid nerve, from mandibular div. of the trigeminal
nerve (V)
Posterior belly: facial nerve (VII)
Artery Anterior belly: submental a.
Posterior belly: occipital a.

Question 12

Geniohyoid

Answer 12

Origin Mental spines of the mandible
Insertion Body of the hyoid bone
Action Elevates the hyoid bone; depresses the mandible
Innervation Ventral primary ramus of C1 spinal nerve via fibers carried by the
hypoglossal nerve
Artery Lingual a. , submental a.

Question 13

Mylohyoid

Answer 13

Origin Mylohyoid line of mandible
Insertion Mid line raphe and body of the hyoid bone
Action Elevates the hyoid bone and tongue; depresses the mandible
Innervation Mylohyoid nerve (from inf. alveolar n.), from mandibular div. of the
trigeminal nerve (V)
Artery Mylohyoid branch of the inferior alveolar a.

Question 14

Stylohyoid

Answer 14

Origin Posterior side of the styloid process
Insertion Splits around the intermediate tendon of the digastric m. to insert on the
body of the hyoid bone
Action Elevates and retracts the hyoid bone
Innervation Facial nerve (Vil)
Artery Ascending pharyngeal a.

Question 15

Omohyoid

Answer 15

Origin Inferior belly: upper border of the scapula medial to scapular notch
Superior belly: intermediate tendon
Insertion Inferior belly: intermediate tendon
Superior belly: lower border of the hyoid bone lateral to the sternohyoid
insertion
Action Depresses/ stabilizes the hyoid bone
Innervation Ansa cervicalis
Artery Transverse cervical a.

Question 16

Sternohyoid

Answer 16

Origin Posterior surfaces of both the manubrium and sternal end of the clavicle
Insertion Lower border of the hyoid bone, medial to the omohyoid m. insertion
Action Depresses/ stabilizes the hyoid bone
Innervation Ansa cervicalis
Artery Superior thyroid a.

Question 17

Sternothyroid

Answer 17

Origin Posterior surface of the manubrium below the origin of the sternohyoid
m.
Insertion Oblique line of the thyroid cartilage
Action Depresses/ stabilizes the hyoid bone
Innervation Ansa cervicalis
Artery Superior thyroid a.

Question 18

Thyrohyoid

Answer 18

Origin Oblique line of the thyroid cartilage
Insertion Lower border of the hyoid bone
Action Elevates the larynx; depresses/ stabilizes the hyoid bone
Innervation Ansa cervicalis (via fibers running with hypoglossal nerve that leave XII
distal to superior limb of ansa)
Artery Superior thyroid a.