Auricular and Orbital Muscles

Question 1

Occipitofrontalis

Answer 1

Origin Frontalis: galea aponeurotica
Occipitalis: superior nuchal line
Insertion Frontalis: skin of eyebrows
Occipitalis: galea aponeurotica
Action Elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead
Innervation Frontalis: temporal branches of facial nerve (VII)
Occipitalis: posterior auricular branch of facial nerve (VII)
Artery Frontalis: supraorbital and supratrochlear aa.
Occipitalis: occipital a.

Question 2

Anterior Auricular

Answer 2

Origin Galea aponeurotica anterior to ear
Insertion Anterior surface of auricle
Action Elevates and draws auricle forward
Innervation Temporal branches of facial nerve (VII)
Artery Superficial temporal a., posterior auricular a.

Question 3

Posterior Auricular

Answer 3

Origin Mastoid process
Insertion Posterior surface of auricle
Action Elevates & retracts auricle
Innervation Posterior auricular branch of facial nerve (VII)
Artery Superficial temporal a., posterior auricular a.

Question 4

Superior Auricular

Answer 4

Origin Galea aponeurotica superior to ear
Insertion Superior surface of auricle
Action Elevates & retracts auricle
Innervation Temporal branches of facial nerve (VII)
Artery Superficial temporal a., posterior auricular a.

Question 5

Stapedius

Answer 5

Origin Walls of the pyramidal eminence
Insertion Neck of stapes
Action Dampens vibration of the stapes
Innervation Facial nerve (VII)
Artery Anterior tympanic a.

Question 6

Tensor Tympani

Answer 6

Origin Cartilaginous auditory tube and the greater wing of the sphenoid which
lies adjacent to it
Insertion Manubrium of the malleus
Action Dampens vibration of the tympanic membrane
Innervation Medial pterygoid branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal
nerve (V)
Artery Superior tympanic branch of the middle meningeal a.

Question 7

Ciliary

Answer 7

Origin Meridonal fibers: scleral spur
Circular fibers: encircle the ciliary process
Insertion Meridonal fibers: ciliary process
Circular fibers: encircle the ciliary process
Action Relaxes the suspensory ligament of the lens
Innervation Parasympathetic fibers in the oculomotor nerve (Ill), synapsing in ciliary
ganglion
Artery Ophthalmic a.

Question 8

Dilator Pupillae

Answer 8

Origin Outer margin of iris
Insertion Inner margin of iris
Action Dilates the pupil
Innervation Sympathetic fibers via short ciliary nerves, synapsing in superior cervical
sympathetic ganglion
Artery Ophthalmic a.

Question 9

Sphincter Pupillae

Answer 9

Origin Encircles iris
Insertion Encircles iris
Action Constricts the pupil
Innervation Parasympathetic fibers of oculomotor nerve (Ill), synapsing in ciliary
ganglion
Artery Ophthalmic a.

Question 10

Inferior Rectus

Answer 10

Origin Common tendinous ring at the apex of the orbit
Insertion Sciera on the inferior surface of the eyeball
Action Depresses and adducts the corneal part of the eyeball; rotates the
superior pole of the iris laterally
Innervation Oculomotor nerve (111), inferior division
Artery Ophthalmic a.

Question 11

Medial Rectus

Answer 11

Origin Common tendinous ring at the apex of the orbit
Insertion Sciera on the medial surface of the eyeball
Action Adducts the corneal part of the eyeball
Innervation Oculomotor nerve (111), inferior division
Artery Ophthalmic a.

Question 12

Lateral Rectus

Answer 12

Origin Common tendinous ring at the apex of the orbit
Insertion Sciera on the lateral surface of the eyeball
Action Abducts the corneal part of the eyeball
Innervation Abducens nerve (VI)
Artery Ophthalmic a.

Question 13

Superior Rectus

Answer 13

Origin Common tendinous ring at the apex of the orbit
Insertion Sciera on the superior surface of the eyeball
Action Elevates and adducts the eyeball; rotates the superior pole of the iris
medially
Innervation Oculomotor nerve (111), superior division
Artery Ophthalmic a.

Question 14

Superior Oblique

Answer 14

Origin Apex of the orbit above the optic canal
Insertion Sciera on the posterior superior surface of the eyeball
Action Depresses and abducts the eyeball, rotates the superior pole of the iris
medially
Innervation Trochlear nerve (IV)
Artery Ophthalmic a.

Question 15

Inferior Oblique

Answer 15

Origin Floor of the orbit lateral to the lacrimal groove
Insertion Sciera on the inferior surface of the eyeball
Action Elevates and abducts the corneal part of the eye; rotates the superior
pole of the iris laterally; when the eye is adducted, this muscle elevates
the cornea
Innervation Oculomotor nerve (111), inferior division
Artery Ophthalmic a.

Question 16

Levator Palpebrae Superioris

Answer 16

Origin - Apex of the orbit above the optic canal
Insertion Skin and fascia of upper eyelid and the superior tarsal plate
Action Elevates the upper eyelid
Innervation Oculomotor nerve (111) and sympathetics (to superior tarsal portion)
Artery Ophthalmic a.

Question 17

Corrugator

Answer 17

Origin Medial part of the superciliary arch
Insertion Skin of the medial half of the eyebrow
Action Pulls the eyebrow together medially
Innervation Temporal branch of the facial nerve (VII)
Artery Supratrochlear a.

Question 18

Depressor Supercilii

Answer 18

Origin Frontal process of maxilla
Insertion Skin of eyebrow
Action Depresses the eyebrows
Innervation Temporal branch of the facial nerve (VII)
Artery Supratrochlear a.

Question 19

Orbicularis Oculi

Answer 19

Origin Orbital part: medial orbital margin and the medial palpebral ligament
Palpebral part: medial palpebral ligament
Insertion Orbital part: skin of the lateral cheek
Palpebral part: lateral palpebral raphe
Action Closes the eyelid
Innervation Temporal & zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (VII)
Artery Supraorbital a., supratrochlear a., infraorbital a., angular branch of the
facial a.

Question 20

Depressor Septi

Answer 20

Origin Maxilla near the midline above the incisor teeth
Insertion Nasal septum
Action Depresses the nasal septum; involved in flaring the nostrils
Innervation Buccal branch of facial nerve (VII)
Artery Superior labial branch of facial a.

Question 21

Nasalis
* Has 2 parts: alar part and transverse part

Answer 21

Origin Maxilla above the incisor teeth and the canine teeth
Insertion Ala of the nose and mid line aponeurosis
Action Flattens the nose, flares the nostrils
Innervation Buccal branch of facial nerve (VII)
Artery Superior labial branch of facial a.

Question 22

Procerus

Answer 22

Origin Nasal bone
Insertion Skin between the eyebrows
Action Depresses the medial corners of the eyebrows
Innervation Temporal branch of facial nerve (VII)
Artery Supratrochlear a.