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RUSVM Anatomy II > Large Animal Urogenital > Flashcards

Large Animal Urogenital Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the scrotum from outer to inner?

A
  • Skin
  • Tunica dartos
  • Spermatic fascia
  • Parietal vaginal tunic
  • Vaginal cavity
  • Visceral vaginal tunic
  • Tunica Albuginea
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2
Q

What structures are found with in the scrotum?

A
  • Testicles
  • Epididymis
  • Distal portion of the spermatic cord
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3
Q

What are the two muscles that are temperature regulators for the scrotum?

A

Cremaster muscle

Tunica Dartos

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4
Q

Which of the following is TRUE regarding a closed castration?

a. Incise through the skin, tunica dartos muscle, and separate the spermatic fascia from the parietal vaginal tunic.
b. Incise through the skin, tunica dartos muscle, spermatic fascia, and the parietal vaginal tunic.
c. The vaginal cavity is exposed to the external environment.
d. All of the above are true

A

a. Incise through the skin, tunica dartos muscle, and separate the spermatic fascia from the parietal vaginal tunic.

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5
Q

What is found within the spermatic cord?

A

Ductus Deferens

Testicular artery and vein

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6
Q

In the stallion, the seminal vesicle opens into the urethra and the ductus deferens at the ____.

A

Colliculus seminalis

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7
Q

What supplies blood to the ductus deferens, and where does it branch off of?

A

Artery of the ductus deferes, branch from the internal pudendal artery

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8
Q

The artery of the ductus deferens is a branch from which artery in the bull?

A

Umbilical artery

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9
Q

Which animals have a musculocavernosus penis?

A

Stallion
Dog
Tom

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10
Q

Which animals have a fibroelastic penis?

A

Bull
Boar
Ram
Buck

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11
Q

True/ False. A muscolocavernous type of penis contains a sigmoid flexure.

A

False. Fibroelastic type of penis

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12
Q

Which of the following muscles of the penis extends down the caudal and ventral surface, overlapping the bulb of the penis?

a. Ischiocavernosus m.
b. Urethralis m.
c. Bulbospongiosus m.
d. Retractor penis m.

A

c. Bulbospongiosus m.

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13
Q

Which of the following muscles is located at the root of the penis and is paired?

a. Ischiocavernosus m.
b. Urethralis m.
c. Bulbospongiosus m.
d. Retractor penis m.

A

a. Ischiocavernosus m.

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14
Q

Which of the following animal(s) does not have an ampulla of the ductus deferens gland?

a. Stallion
b. Ram
c. Dog
d. Boar

A

c. Dog

d. Boar

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15
Q

True/False. The buck, bull, stallion, and ram contain all four accessory sex glands.

A

True

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16
Q

What is the name for the diverticulum of the fossa glandis where smegma can accumulate in the stallion?

A

Urethral sinus

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17
Q

What is the main blood supply to the penis of the bull, boar, ram, and dog and what is the parent branch of this artery?

A

Artery of the penis which comes from the internal pudendal artery which comes from the internal iliac artery

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18
Q

What is the artery supply for the stallion and where do they come from?

A
  1. Internal iliac a.–> internal pudendal a. –> artery of the penis
  2. external iliac a. –> pudendoepigastric trunk –> external pudendal a. –> cranial artery of the penis
  3. Internal iliac a. –> caudal gluteal a. –> cranial gluteal a. –> obturator a. –> middle artery of the penis
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19
Q

What erectile tissue surrounds the penile urethra, extending the entire length of the penis?

A

Corpus spongiosum

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20
Q

What is located in the pelvic urethra that are ejactulatory orifices and openings for the prostate glands?

A

Colliculus seminalis

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21
Q

What areas do you swab for CEM in the stallion?

A

Distal urethra (process)
Fossa glandis
Urethral sinus
Shaft of the penis and prepuce

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22
Q

What is found in the boar that gives off a foul smelling fluid containing a pheromone?

A

Preputial diverticulum

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23
Q

What is the main role of the accessory sex glands?

A

Produce the seminal plasma

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24
Q

The bull, ram, and boar contain what kind of prostate?

A

Disseminate prostate

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25
Q

What kind of prostate is visible, located outside the urethralis muscle, and is found in the stallion, bull, dog, and tom?

A

Corpus prostate

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26
Q

Which animal has a very large and prominant bulbourethral gland?

A

Boar

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27
Q

True/False. The mare has a rounded dorsal commissure and a pointed ventral commissure.

A

False. This is true for the cow and the opposite for the mare

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28
Q

Which animals have a sigmoid flexure penis?

A

Bull/Billy/Buck/Ram

Boar

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29
Q

Which animal has a spiraled apex penis?

A

Boar

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30
Q

What is the fossa glandis?

A

Depression within the glans that surrounds the urethral process

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31
Q

Which species contains a preputial fold and ring of the prepuce?

A

Stallion

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32
Q

What areas do you swab for CEM testing in the female equine?

A

Clitoral sinuses
Clitoral fossa
Cervix (pregnant of mid cycle) or endometrium (estrus)

33
Q

What is the name of the structure found in cows, and sows that is said to complicate urinary catheterization?

A

Suburethral diverticulum

34
Q

Which artery supplies the rectum, anus, & perineum as well as the vagina, bladder, and ureters in the mare?

A

Internal pudendal artery

35
Q

Which nerves provide sensory innervation to the mammary glands in the bovine?

A

Iliohypogastric nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve
Genitofemoral nerve
Pudendal nerve

36
Q

Which animal contains a short neck of the bladder?

A

Cow

37
Q

What are the mammary lymph nodes known as?

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

38
Q

What artery supplies the uterus and bladder of the bovine?

A

Umbilical artery

39
Q

The lateral laminae in the udders originates from the ___.

A

Symphyseal tendon

40
Q

Which artery in the mare supplies the vagina, bladder, ureters, and distal uterus?

A

Vaginal artery

41
Q

Name the main blood supply to the mammary glands in the bitch, queen, and sow.

A

Cranial and caudal superficial epigastric arteries

42
Q

Arterial blood supply to the mare and ruminant mammary gland is supplied by:

A

External pudendal artery: cranial and caudal mammary arteries

43
Q

Which artery supplies the ureters, bladder, and ductus deferens in the bull?

A

Umbilica artery

44
Q

Name the lymphatic vessel in the cow that lies between the deep circumflex and external iliac arteries.

A

Deep inguinal lymph node

45
Q

Name the structure that is a connection between the horns of the cow uterus.

A

Intercornual ligaments

46
Q

Which artery supplies the uterine body in the bovine?

A

Uterine artery

47
Q

Which artery supplies the vagina and distal uterus in the bovine?

A

Vaginal artery

48
Q

Which species has a cotyledonary placenta?

A

Large and small ruminants

49
Q

Which species has a diffuse placenta?

A

Equine

50
Q

Which species has a zonary placenta?

A

Dogs and cats

51
Q

In bovine, which region are the ovaries located?

A

Pelvic region, lateroventral aspect

52
Q

In equine, which region are the ovaries located?

A

Lumbar region

53
Q

Is the uterine artery in the mare a branch off the internal iliac artery or the external iliac artery?

A

External iliac artery

54
Q

The ___ of the female is the body wall that surrounds the anus and vulva, and covers the pelvic outlet.

A

Perineum

55
Q

Renal lobes are unique in which species?

A

Bovine

56
Q

Which artery supplies the ovaries and cranial part of the uterus in the mare?

A

Ovarian artery

57
Q

In the cow, the caudal superficial epigastric vein and cranial superficial epigastric vein anastamose to form ____.

A

Milk vein

58
Q

In which species does the cervix protrude into the vagina?

A

Bovine and Equine

59
Q

In the cow, which artery is palpable rectally and is used for pregnancy diagnosis?

A

Uterine artery

60
Q

Where are the testis located in the stallion?

A

Pubic region

61
Q

What is the name of the diverticulum surrounding the external ostium of the uterus, which must be avoided during insemination?

A

Vaginal fornix

62
Q

Name the convex structure found within the uterus of the cow that forms attachments with the fetal membranes.

A

Caruncles

63
Q

True/False. The mare has circular folds within the cervix and the cow has longitudinal folds.

A

False. Mare = longitudinal folds, Cow = circular folds

64
Q

What is so distinct about the sow cervix that projects into the lumen, and close off the cervical canal except during estrus and parturition?

A

They have interdigitating mucosal prominences

65
Q

What is the uterine artery a branch off of in the cow?

A

Umbilical artery

66
Q

Where does fertilication occur?

A

Uterine tube

67
Q

What are the three parts of the uterine tube, that open into the uterine horn?

A

Infundibulum with the fibria
Ampulla
Isthmus

68
Q

Which animals have a bicornuate/bipartite type of uterus?

A 
Sow
Cow
Mare
Bitch
Queen
69
Q

True/False. Primates have a duplex type cervix and rodents and rabbits have a simplex type cervix.

A

False. Primates have simplex and rodents and rabbits have a duplex

70
Q

Which is the only region on the surface of the ovary where ovulation can occur in the mare?

A

ovulation fossa

71
Q

How many mammary glands/ quarters does the cow have, and how many gland systems does it have?

A

4 Quarters

1 Gland system

72
Q

How many teats does the mare have and how many sinuses does each teat receive content from? How many duct systems does each gland contain?

A

2 teats
2 lactiferous sinuses/ teat
2 duct systems

73
Q

The cranial superficial epigastric vein will perforate the abdominal wall near the xiphoid cartilage and is known as the ____.

A

milk well

74
Q

What vein is cranial to the milk well?

A

Internal thoracic vein

75
Q

Together the maternal caruncles and the fetal cotyledons from a ___.

A

Placentome

76
Q

True/False. The diffuse and cotyledonary placenta are epithelichoiral, while the zonary placenta is endotheliochorial.

A

True.

77
Q

Which animal is known to have a long cervix?

A

Sow

78
Q

What separates the vagina and vestibule and is a distict transverse fold in the mare?

A

Hymen

RUSVM Anatomy II (10 decks)

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