LANGUAGE, THOUGHT AND COMMUNICATION Flashcards
Who says that language depends on thought?
Piaget
Piaget says a child must have a s…………. for something to be able to understand it?
Schema
Whose theory so language comes before thought?
Sapir-Whorf
Which group of people did Sapir-Whorf base their theory on?
Inuit (eskimo)
What are the 2 versions of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis called?
Strong = language determines thought
Weak = language influences thought
How many words for snow do Inuits apparently have?
27
Language has been shown to affect our recall of….?
- E…………..
- T………..
- C………….
- Events
- Time
- Colour
Who conducted the Bee study
Von Frisch
How far did Von Frisch place his 2 bee hives?
- Close = 10-20 metres away
- Far = Up to 300 metres
How many observations did Von Frisch conduct
6000 over 20 years
What type of observation is the Von Frisch study?
Controlled
After watching other bees dance what % followed to the identified food source
60%
In the VF study, what dance did the bees do if the food source was less than 100m away?
the round dance
What are the 4 functions of animal communication
Survival, Food, Territory, Reproduction
What are the 3 things humans can do with language that animals can’t?
- Plan f……………. events
- C……………………
- Use m………………. channels
- future
- creativity
- multiple
Name 2 functions of eye contact?
- Regulates flow of conversation (turn-taking)
-Signalling attraction - Expressing emotion
Mirroring another person’s body position is called a ……………….?
Postural echo
Define NVC
exchanging information without the use of words
Personal space differs between….?
- C…………………….
- G………………..
- People of different S…………………..
- Cultures
- Genders
- Status
Can you name 2 ways male personal space preference differs from womens?
- Men prefer face to face chats with friends
- Men use a larger personal space when talking to other men than women do with other women
- Men find strangers invading their personal space from the front the most uncomfortable
What does Darwin call a serviceable habit?
Behaviours that would have been adaptive to our ancestors that don’t have the same purpose for us
Darwin says NVC is I………….. and a……………………
Innate and adaptive
Ekman (1972) found 6 primary emotions in facial expressions that are recognised in every culture. This supports which theory?
Darwin’s theory
Who found that babies are born with social releasers?
Bowlby
Give 1 piece of evidence that NVC is learnt
- Difference in contact between cultures
- Difference in gestures between cultures
How can sensory deprived babies be used to support Darwin’s theory?
Babies who are sensory deprived still use the same facial expressions = suggests they are innate behaviours
Yuki’s study of ……………………..
emoticons
Which 2 nationalities did Yuki study?
Japanese and Americans
Which facial expression do Japanese people use to understand emotion?
The eyes
Which are the only 2 emotions Yuki studied?
Happy or sad
