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Praxis > language disorders, assessment, treatment, AAC > Flashcards

language disorders, assessment, treatment, AAC Flashcards

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1
Q

what are characteristics of a specific language disorder

A
  1. specific to language
  2. no known etiology
  3. may be present in only one aspect such as morphology
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2
Q

what are characteristics of cognitive processing/executive functioning deficits

A
  1. speed of processing
  2. attention to task
  3. working memory
  4. emotional control
  5. task shifting
  6. planning and organization
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3
Q

what are characteristics of intellectual disability

A
  1. delayed rather than deviant language
  2. may show echolalia
  3. may have concomitant short attention span, microcephaly difficulty with gross and fine motor skill, and physical structural deficits
  4. difficulty with abstract
  5. semantic difficulties, smaller vocab
  6. tend to omit function words
  7. passive in interacting with others
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4
Q

what deficits are present in autism according to DSM-V

A
  1. deficits in social-emotional reciprocity
  2. deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction
  3. deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships
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5
Q

what is the prevalence of autism

A

1 in 59 children

more boys than girls

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6
Q

what are characteristics of autism

A

below average intelligence 70 or below

  1. lack of responsiveness and awareness of others
  2. preference for solitude and objects rather than people
  3. lack of interest in communication
  4. stereotypic body movements
  5. insistence on routines, strong dislike of change
  6. dislike being touched or held
  7. self injury (head banging)
  8. unusual talent in some area
  9. seizures in 25%
  10. hyper or hyposensitivity to sensory
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7
Q

what are language characteristics of autism

A
  1. lack of response to speech
  2. better response to environmental noises
  3. slow acquisition of speech and anguage
  4. echolalia, immediate or delayed
  5. perseveration on certain words
  6. faster learning of concrete words especially when refer to objects
  7. deficits in comprehension of figurative
  8. lack of generalization of word meanings
  9. lack of understanding relationships between words
  10. pronoun reversal: I for you, refer to self as he, she
  11. short simple sentences sometimes not in correct order
  12. omission of grammatical features
  13. social communication problems
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8
Q

what is SCERTS

A

social communication and emotional regulation by implementing transactional supports. These supports include visual supports, environmental arrangement, and communication style adjustment
treatment for autism

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9
Q

what problems are associated with CP

A
  1. orthopedic
  2. seizures
  3. feeding difficulties
  4. hearing loss
  5. perceptual disturbance
  6. intellectual deficits
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10
Q

what is hemiplegia

A

one side of body paralyzed

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11
Q

what is paraplegia

A

only legs and lower trunk paralyzed

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12
Q

what is monoplegia

A

only one limb is paralyzed

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13
Q

what is diplegia

A

either of two legs or two arms paralyzed

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14
Q

what is quadraplegia

A

all four limbs are paralyzed

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15
Q

what are the 3 major types of CP

A
  1. ataxic: disturbed balance awkward gait, uncoordinated
  2. athetoid: slow, writhing due to damage to indirect motor pathways
  3. spastic: spasticity due to damage to motor cortex or direct pathways
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16
Q

what problems are associated with fetal alcohol

A
  1. growth problems
  2. problems with nervous system
  3. malformations of major organs, especially heart
  4. behavior problems: hyperactive and attention deficit
  5. poor play and social skills
  6. learning and academic problems
  7. swallowing problems
  8. language delay
  9. cognitive problems
  10. auditory processing problems
  11. hearing problems
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17
Q

what neurological problems are due to FASD

A

poor visual tracking, gross and fine motor delay, tremors, seiures

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18
Q

what behavioral problems are due to FASD

A

mood swings, difficulty with transitions and change refuse to comply with simple commands, and testing limits

19
Q

what social problems are associated with FASD

A

limited eye contact, separation anxiety, indiscriminate attachment to new people, aggressive with peers, decreased responsiveness to praise

20
Q

what cognitive problems are associated with fASD

A

poor on task attention, distractivility, difficulty with immediate, short term and long term memory

21
Q

what language problems are associated with FASD

A

delayed acquisition, decreased use of words, increased gestures, word finding problems, difficulty following directions

22
Q

what are the types and qualifications for ADHD diagnosis

A
  1. attention
  2. hyperactive
    evident for at least 6 months
    onset before 7
23
Q

what are characteristics of ADHD

A

. 1. blurting

  1. not listening
  2. interrupting
  3. use false starts because they change their mind while structuring a response
  4. use excessive fillers
  5. have difficulty describing things and telling stories in an organized, coherent manner
24
Q

what are the goals for treatment for ADHD

A
  1. auditory processing skills
  2. pragmatics
  3. expressive language organization
25
Q

what is needed for assessment prior to testing

A
  1. results of visual or audiological eval
  2. relevant medical data
  3. psychological data including cognitive function
  4. interview family
  5. assessment data on educational achievement that might suggest learning disability
  6. interview teacher about academics
26
Q

what is the formula for MLU

A

number or morphemes divided by number of utterances

27
Q

what is the formula for type token ratio

A

number of different words in a sample divided by the number of words in sample

28
Q

what is the typical type token ratio for ages 3-8

A

1 to 2 or .5

29
Q

what is PL 99-457

A

incentive to identify and treat infants and todlers with established risk of language disorders

30
Q

what is part C of the IDEA

A

federal grant program that assists states in early intervention services for infants and toddlers birth through 2

31
Q

early warning signs of language disorder

A
  1. difficulty establishing eye contact or joint reference
  2. lack of pointing by 12 months
  3. needs through greater use of gestures
  4. reduced babbling, fewer consonants
32
Q

what are communicative temptations

A

when you place a desired object just beyond reach and child has to ask for it

33
Q

what is indirect intervention

A

when the clinician sets the goals and a peer, parent, teacher’s aide etc carries out the treatment

34
Q

what are discrete trials

A

using a stimulus, asking for a response, recording answer, onto next trial

35
Q

what is expansion

A

expanding telegraphic utterance

doggy bark. yes the doggy is barking

36
Q

what is extension

A

clinician comments on the child’s utterance and adds new or relevant info

37
Q

what is focused stimulation

A
  1. clinician repeatedly models a target structure to stimulate the child to use it
  2. done during a play activity that clinician designs to focus on a particular language structure
  3. clinician does not correct but models the correct target
38
Q

what is milieu teaching

A
  1. functional communication through the use of typical, everyday interactions
  2. adult waits for the child to initiate a verbal response
  3. adult pays attention to what prompted the response in the child
  4. adult prompts an elaboration of the response ex. what do you want
  5. praise child and hand over desired object
39
Q

what is the macrostructure of a narrative

A

characters, setting, initiating event, internal response, plan or goals of characters, attempts, direct consequences, and conclusion

40
Q

what is the microstructure of a narrative

A

details of the story
cohesion
linguistic structures
complexity

41
Q

what is parallel talk

A

clinician plays with the child and describes and comments on what child is doing

42
Q

what is recastin

A

modifying the childs sentence by changing the modalityor voice. ex. the baby is hungry, Clinician: is she hungry or the dog chases the cat: clinician: the cat is chased by the dog

43
Q

self talk

A

clinician describes her activity as she plays with the child

Praxis (20 decks)

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