ecu voice Flashcards
what is the function of the larynx
- respiration
- protect airways when swallowing
- sub-glottal pressure
what are the average lengths of vocal folds for males and females
males: 16-17 mm
females 10-11 mm
what is the mean fundamental frequency in males and females
males: 125. range 100-140
females: 225. range 180-250
what are characteristics of the aging voice
- ossification of cartilages
- reduced flexibility
- atrophy, dystrophy, and edema
- synchrony and symmetry of folds affect vocal quality
- vocal fold boing
- decreased blood supply
what is the visceral pleura
out surface of each lung
what is the parietal pleura
lines the internal thoracic walls, mediastinum, and superior surface of the diaphragm
what is the tidal volume
volume of air inspired or expired during normal inspiration
what is inspiratory reserve volume
amount of air inspired forcefully after inspiration of normal tidal volume
what is expiratory reserve volume
amount of air expired forcefully after normal tidal
what is residual volume
volume of air that always remains in the respiratory passages after forceful inhalation or exhalation
what is vital capacity
what you can inhale and exhale deeply
what are the 3 paired cartilages
arytenoid
cuneiform
corniculate
what are the 3 unpaired cartilages
thyroid
cricoid
epiglottis
what are the laryngeal elevators
digastric
mylohyoid
stylohoid
geneohyoid
what are the laryngeal depressors
thyrohyoid
omohyoid
sternohyoid
which are the adductors
lateral cricoarytenoid
transverse and oblique arytenoid
which is the abductor
posterior cricoarytenoid
what does the cricothyroid do
lengthens and tenses the folds
what makes up the body of the folds
thyroarytenoid and vocalis
which is the only muscle not innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve
cricothyroid: innervation from external superior laryngeal
what is the cricothyroid joint
tilts the inferior thyroid cornu to increase the disance between the anterior commisure and the vocal process
uses the vertical and oblique cricothyroid muscles
what are 3 regions of the interior larynx
supraglotal
glotal
subglottal
what makes up the cover
epithelium and superficial lamina propria (Reinke’s)
what makes up the transition
intermediate and deep lamina propria
what makes up the body
vocalis
what is the cover body theory
cells in cover not tightly packed allowing for horizontal and vertical movement
cells in body tightly packed and dont move
transition layer balances movement of 2 layers
wave happens because of difference in properties betwee the 2 layers
what nerve innervate the epiglottis
pharyngeal nerve
what 3 properties of the folds affects pitch
mass
length
tension
how is loudness changed
subglottal pressure
adduction of folds
duration, degree, and speed of VF closure
what causes a breathy voice
incomplete glottal closure
what causes a hoarse voice
aperiodicity, mucosal wave abnormalities
what causes a strained voiced
supraglottal muscle tension
what is included in a voice eval by the SLP
- case history and interview
- oral mech
- hearing screening
- attitude survey (psychological)
- perceptual assessment
- stroboscopy
- acoustic analysis
- QOL assessment
- aerodynamic assessment
10 EGG, EMG - resonance assessment
what is included in the case history
- what is the problem
- how has it affected the voice
- onset and duration
- variability vs consistency
- associated symptoms
- medical history including intubation, trauma, medications
- list of physicians currently treating
- allergies
- throat claring and coughing habits
- eating habits
- history of asthma, stridor etc
- psychological issues
- voice use history
what is included in a subjective assessment
- sustained vowel
- continuous and spontaneous speech
- reading sample