Language Development Flashcards
What is the language gap?
Gap in language and cognitive measures at 5 years old by SES.
What do language skills predict about academic performance and IQ?
They are positively correlated.
What did Chomsky believe?
That language was special and that there were specific parts of the brain that process language.
What does Jenny Jaffran believe?
Children learn language through statistical learning, which is not limited to learning language.
Are language milestones mainly consistent among cultures?
Yes.
What did Paul Bloom believe?
That language is not special; children learn language as they do other concepts.
What are children’s language milestone at birth?
Crying.
What are children’s language milestone at 1 month?
Can distinguish “ba” from “pa.”
What are children’s language milestone at 2 months? (2)
- Cooing. 2. Can distinguish “Ma” Vs. “Na.”
What are children’s language milestone at 6 months?
Babbling.
When babies babble, do they mimic the intonation of the language they hear?
Yes.
What are children’s language milestone at 12 months? About how many words can they understand?
- First word. 2. Can understand about 50 words.
What are children’s language milestone at 14-18 months? (2)
- Time of vocab explosion. 2. Child discovers that everything has a name.
What are children’s language milestone at 18mo-2yrs? How many words can they produce?
- Telegraphic speech (2-word sentences). 2. They can produce 50 words.
What are children’s language milestone by age 3.5yrs?
Can produce about 1200 words.
About how many words can an adult produce?
About 60,000.
About how many words can a 6-year-old produce?
8,000-14,000.
What is Perceptual Narrowing?
The initial broad ability to discriminate auditory or visual info becomes more refined or “tuned” to a narrower subject of info.
At what age does Perceptual Narrowing occur?
At around 6 months.
What is a Holophase?
When a single word means an entire phrase.
When does holophase occur?
Around 12 months.
What are first words likely to be?
Proper nouns, body parts, animals.
What is over-regulation?
Language error when child makes language more regular than it is.
What is an example of over-regulation?
Learning the correct past tense, then child discovers rule, then applies rule to make the incorrect form.
What is under-extension?
Child uses word in a more limited way than adults.
What is over-extension?
Child uses word in a more extended manner than adults.
When do over-extension errors commonly occur?
During early vocab learning.
When do under-extension errors commonly occur?
During when first word is learned.
What are Idiosyncratic words?
Language error when children “invent” words.
