Landscapes & NY State

Question 1

Three types of landscapes:

Answer 1

• Mountains (highlands)
• Plateaus (uplands)
• Plains (lowlands)

Question 2

What forms landscapes?

Answer 2

• Uplifting forces
• Constructive: mountain building,continental accretion (converging plates, island arcs)
• Leveling forces/destructive: weathering, erosion, deposition cycle

Question 3

If forces are in balance then…

Answer 3

• Landscape is in equilibrium (no change)

- Rarely happens because one force is usually dominant over the other

Question 4

What force is dominant in Westchester?

Answer 4

Erosion

Question 5

Climate & landscape:

Answer 5

• If dry: arid, jagged, angular, dry looking

- If wet: humid, rolling, low slope, grassy

Question 6

Old & new landscape:

Answer 6

• Old: gentle rolling hills, worn-away, oxbow lakes

- New: jagged mountains, more angular, steep slopes

Question 7

Cliffs/Escarpments:

Answer 7

• Cliffs result from rock that varies in rock resistance

- Resistant rock juts out in a series of rock layers due to its composition, it resists weathering

Question 8

What are landscape characteristics influenced by?

Answer 8

• Forces of crustal movement
• People
• Climate
• Underlying bedrock

Question 9

St. Lawrence Lowlands:

Answer 9

• Low plain
• Layers of sedimentary rock
• Slopes away from adirondacks

Question 10

Appalachian Uplands:

Answer 10

• Largest region
• Sedimentary rock formed from shallow sinking ocean basin mya
• Uplifted
• Over 1km above sea level
• Finger lakes: formed from last ice age
• Allegheny plateau, catskills and tug hill plateau

Question 11

Erie-Ontario Lowlands:

Answer 11

• Plains
• Consist of unsorted glacial till
• Good soils from last continental ice age have made this a good farming area

Question 12

Adirondack Mountains:

Answer 12

• Only true mountains in NY
• Consists of metamorphic and igneous rock
• Mt. Marcy is the highest point in NY
• Many glacial deposits found in this region
• Dome mountain (igneous intrusion)

Question 13

Tug Hill Plateau:

Answer 13

• Uplifted region of poor drainage
• Heavy snows due to lake effect
• Not heavily populated

Question 14

Hudson Mohawk Lowlands:

Answer 14

• Soft rock

- Transport route into many cities in NY

Question 15

New England Highlands:

Answer 15

• Metamorphic rock

- 2 branches or prongs (fork): Hudson and Manhattan prong

Question 16

Atlantic Coastal Plain:

Answer 16

• Staten Island and Long Island

- Glacial deposit: terminal moraine or furthest extension of Laurentide ice sheet

Question 17

Drainage patterns:

Answer 17

• Dendritic
• Radial
• Rectangular
• Annular
• Parallel
• Trellised

Question 18

Dendritic:

Answer 18

Flat lowlands

-Uniform

Question 19

Radial:

Answer 19

• Mountains

- Dome volcanoe

Question 20

Rectangular:

Answer 20

• Found on faulted, tilted, folded or uplifted layers of sedimentary rock
• Plateaus

Question 21

Annular:

Answer 21

-Found around dome with upturned layers

Question 22

Parallel:

Answer 22

• Plateau

- Plains

Question 23

Trellised:

Answer 23

-Plateau

Question 24

Watershed:

Answer 24

Geographic area that drains into a stream (land around a stream)