Labs Flashcards

1
Q

What was the IV in the Rawson and Kintsch study?

A

whether the study sessions were massed or spaced

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2
Q

What was the DV in the Rawson and Kintsch study?

A

performance on the test

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3
Q

What were the results of the Rawson and Kintsch study?

A

spaced practice –> better performance

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4
Q

What was the IV of the Roediger and Karpicke study?

A

study method
(restudy vs. practice test)

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5
Q

In experiment 1 of the Roediger and Karpicke study, how much time did each group have before taking the test?

A

5 minutes

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6
Q

In experiment 2, of the Roediger and Karpicke study, how much time did each group have before taking the test?

A

7 days

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7
Q

What did the results of the Roediger and Karpicke study show?

A

the study method of practice testing is better for long-term recall than the method of restudying

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8
Q

True or False:
Richland, Kornell, and Kao’s study showed that the pretesting effect helps enhance learning from unsuccessful retrieval attempts.

A

True

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9
Q

What is a categorical variable?

A

variables measured from two or more categories

gender, STEM vs. humanities, yes/no

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10
Q

What is a continuous variable?

A

variable with “infinite” number of values

height, weight, test scores

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11
Q

What is a continuous variable?

A

variable with “infinite” number of values

height, weight, test scores

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12
Q

predictor variable

A

variable that predicts the result of another variable

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13
Q

outcome variable

A

variable that is predicted to result from another variable

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14
Q

point of subjective equality

A

the length at which you perceive the two lines to be equal

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15
Q

point of objective equality

A

the length at which the two lines are actually equal

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16
Q

How do you compute the size of your illusion?

A

point of subjective equality - point of objective equality

17
Q

What happened in the Harlow’s Monkeys experiment?

A

monkeys were exposed to fear-invoking situations to study attachment styles

18
Q

Why would the Harlow’s Monkeys experiment be ethical?

A

the contribution of the study to society outweighs the harm

19
Q

What happened in the Romanian Orphans experiment?

A

Romanian children from an orphanage were randomly assigned to either foster care or to stay in the orphanage

20
Q

Why would the Romanian Orphans study be unethical?

A
  • the study did not distribute conditions equitably across participants
  • the children did not have consent
21
Q

Why would the Romanian Orphans study be ethical?

A

contributions outweighed the harm; led to foster system reform

22
Q

What is the purpose of the Implicit Association Test (IAT)?

A

to measure the strength of association between 2 concepts or categories

23
Q

When the pairing matches your mental representation, you will categorize items at a ____ speed.

24
Q

How do you measure the strength of your association?

A

incongruent - congruent

25
large differences in your strength of association show ____ associations
strong
26
small differences in your strength of association show ____ associations
weak
27
What are the big 5 personality traits?
* openness * conscientiousness * extroversion * agreeableness * neuroticsm
28
high score of openness
* curious * wide range of interests * independent
29
high level of conscientiousness
* hardworking * dependable * organized
30
high level of extroversion
* outgoing * warm * seek adventure
31
high level of agreeableness
* helpful * trusting * empathetic
32
high level of neuroticism
* anxious * unhappy * prone to negative emotions
33
progressive error/order effects
changes in a participant's responses that are caused by a general experience in a research study
34
What are examples of progressive error/order effects?
* fatigue * level of interest
35
item effects
certain lists may be more memorable | order matters
36
item effects
certain lists may be more memorable | order matters
37
Counterbalancing helps reduce ____ and ____.
order effects; item effects
38
What did the Mischel et. al study show?
children who delay gratification more had higher social and cognitive abilities (i.e. SAT scores, decision-making)