Labs Flashcards
What was the IV in the Rawson and Kintsch study?
whether the study sessions were massed or spaced
What was the DV in the Rawson and Kintsch study?
performance on the test
What were the results of the Rawson and Kintsch study?
spaced practice –> better performance
What was the IV of the Roediger and Karpicke study?
study method
(restudy vs. practice test)
In experiment 1 of the Roediger and Karpicke study, how much time did each group have before taking the test?
5 minutes
In experiment 2, of the Roediger and Karpicke study, how much time did each group have before taking the test?
7 days
What did the results of the Roediger and Karpicke study show?
the study method of practice testing is better for long-term recall than the method of restudying
True or False:
Richland, Kornell, and Kao’s study showed that the pretesting effect helps enhance learning from unsuccessful retrieval attempts.
True
What is a categorical variable?
variables measured from two or more categories
gender, STEM vs. humanities, yes/no
What is a continuous variable?
variable with “infinite” number of values
height, weight, test scores
What is a continuous variable?
variable with “infinite” number of values
height, weight, test scores
predictor variable
variable that predicts the result of another variable
outcome variable
variable that is predicted to result from another variable
point of subjective equality
the length at which you perceive the two lines to be equal
point of objective equality
the length at which the two lines are actually equal
How do you compute the size of your illusion?
point of subjective equality - point of objective equality
What happened in the Harlow’s Monkeys experiment?
monkeys were exposed to fear-invoking situations to study attachment styles
Why would the Harlow’s Monkeys experiment be ethical?
the contribution of the study to society outweighs the harm
What happened in the Romanian Orphans experiment?
Romanian children from an orphanage were randomly assigned to either foster care or to stay in the orphanage
Why would the Romanian Orphans study be unethical?
- the study did not distribute conditions equitably across participants
- the children did not have consent
Why would the Romanian Orphans study be ethical?
contributions outweighed the harm; led to foster system reform
What is the purpose of the Implicit Association Test (IAT)?
to measure the strength of association between 2 concepts or categories
When the pairing matches your mental representation, you will categorize items at a ____ speed.
faster
How do you measure the strength of your association?
incongruent - congruent
large differences in your strength of association show ____ associations
strong
small differences in your strength of association show ____ associations
weak
What are the big 5 personality traits?
- openness
- conscientiousness
- extroversion
- agreeableness
- neuroticsm
high score of openness
- curious
- wide range of interests
- independent
high level of conscientiousness
- hardworking
- dependable
- organized
high level of extroversion
- outgoing
- warm
- seek adventure
high level of agreeableness
- helpful
- trusting
- empathetic
high level of neuroticism
- anxious
- unhappy
- prone to negative emotions
progressive error/order effects
changes in a participant’s responses that are caused by a general experience in a research study
What are examples of progressive error/order effects?
- fatigue
- level of interest
item effects
certain lists may be more memorable
order matters
item effects
certain lists may be more memorable
order matters
Counterbalancing helps reduce ____ and ____.
order effects; item effects
What did the Mischel et. al study show?
children who delay gratification more had higher social and cognitive abilities (i.e. SAT scores, decision-making)
