Lab Quiz #2 Review Flashcards
What is active transport
any method of protein-mediated transport of molecules across a membrane that requires energy
What is passive transport
molecules moving across the membrane through chemical or electrochemical gradients, no energy is required
What are the 4 types of active transport
- Primary active transport
- Secondary active transport
- Endocytosis
- Exocytosis
What are the 3 types of passive transport
- Simple diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion
- Diffusion through Ion Channels
What is primary active transport
a type of active transport of molecules that utilizes a protein (pump) that uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as the energy source
What is secondary active transport
a type of active transport powered by a concentration gradient or an electrochemical gradient that was previously created by primary active transport
What is endocytosis
the uptake of material into a cell via vesicles that pinch off from the plasma membrane; enables macromolecules and larger particles to enter cells
What is exocytosis
transports material out of a cell via vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane; involved in the cellular secretion of hydrophilic molecules
What is simple diffusion
passive movement of molecules in response to chemical or electrical forces
What is facilitated diffusion
passive movement of molecules across a membrane by way of a transport protein
What is diffusion through ion channels
a transmembrane protein transports molecules by way of a passageway or pore that extends from one side of the membrane to the other
What is a concentration gradient
particles move from the area of higher concentration to the are with a lower concentration
How does size of a molecule affect transport
Bigger molecules move slower and are less permeable, require active transport
Smaller molecules move faster and are more permeable, use passive transport
Hydrophobic characteristics
Water resistant, non-polar, simple diffusion, more permeable, uses passive transport
Hydrophilic characteristics
Water loving, polar, requires a channel, uses active transport
