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APK2105C > Chapter 1: Introduction to Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Introduction to Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Define Physiology

A

The study of the functions of organisms

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2
Q

List the Hierarchy of structural organization

A

Chemical Level, Cellular Level, Tissue Level, Organ Level, Organ System Level, Organismal Level.

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3
Q

what is the Chemical level

A

atoms combine together to form molecules

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4
Q

what is the Cellular level

A

multiple molecules combine to form cells

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5
Q

what are the 4 types of cells

A

neuron, epithelial, muscle, and connective tissue cell

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6
Q

Tissue level

A

similar types of cells combine to create tissue

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7
Q

Organ level

A

made up of different types of tissue

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8
Q

Organ system level

A

different organs working together closely

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9
Q

Organismal level

A

many organ systems working together to create a functioning organism, like a human

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10
Q

what does TBW stand for

A

Total Body water

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11
Q

What does the TBW include

A

Intracellular fluid (ICF) + extracellular fluid (ECF)

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12
Q

What is the ICF

A

All of the fluid that is inside of the cell

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13
Q

What is the ECF

A

All of the fluid outside of the cell

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14
Q

What are the two parts of the ECF

A

Plasma + Interstial fluid (ISF)

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15
Q

What is the Plasma

A

watery portion found in the blood

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16
Q

What is the ISF

A

the fluid right outside of the cell

17
Q

What is homeostasis

A

the maintenance of constant conditions in the internal environment of the body

18
Q

What is regulated to maintain homeostasis

A

Composition of ECF, temperature of ECF, and volume of ECF

19
Q

What are the steps of the homeostatic process

A
  1. Regulation variable
  2. Sensor(s)
  3. Integration Center
  4. Effectors
20
Q

What is the regulated variable

A

the variable, or factor, that we are trying to keep constant

21
Q

What is the sensor

A

the thing that senses when the regulated variable deviates from baseline

22
Q

What is the integration center

A

the thing that decides what to do to respond to the deviation

23
Q

What is the effector

A

cells, tissues, or organs that respond to output signals of integration center to return the regulated variable back to the baseline

APK2105C (18 decks)

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