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BIO163 > Lab Practicum 3 > Flashcards

Lab Practicum 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The essential organs of reproduction are called the…

A

Gonads

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2
Q

What are the primary reproductive organs of the male?

A

Testes

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3
Q

What do the testes produce?

A

Sperm and male sex hormones

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4
Q

What is the approximate temperature inside the scrotum?

A

94 degrees Fahrenheit

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5
Q

What forms the duct system in the male reproductive system?

A

Epididymis, ductus deferens, the ejaculatory duct, and the urethra

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6
Q

Where do sperm mature?

A

Epididymis

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7
Q

The spermatic cord encloses what structures?

A

Ductus deferens, blood vessels, nerves

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8
Q

The ampulla empties into the…

A

Ejaculatory duct

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9
Q

What are considered the accessory glands of the male reproductive system?

A

Seminal glands, bulbo-urethral glands

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10
Q

The accessory glands produce what?

A

Seminal fluid

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11
Q

Why is seminal fluid alkaline?

A

Buffers the sperm against the acidity of the vagina

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12
Q

An increased number of cells results in an enlarged prostate

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

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13
Q

Each testis is covered by a dense connective tissue capsule called what?

A

Tunica albuginea

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14
Q

The interstitial endocrine cells produce what?

A

Testosterone

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15
Q

Each lobe of the testis contains 1 to 4…

A

Seminiferous tubules

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16
Q

Where are sperm formed?

A

Seminiferous tubules

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17
Q

A fertilized egg is implanted in the… which houses the embryo or fetus during it’s development

A

Uterus

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18
Q

When a fertilized egg implants in the uterine tube, it leads to an…

A

Ectopic pregnancy

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19
Q

What is sloughed off during menstruation?

A

Functional layer of the endometrium

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20
Q

The distal ends of the tubes are funnel-shaped and have fingerlike projections called

A

Fimbriae

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21
Q

How long are the fallopian tubes?

A

10 cm

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22
Q

The internal female organs are all considered what except for the ovaries?

A

Retroperitoneal

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23
Q

Once the egg is ejected from the ovary, the ruptured follicle is converted to what?

A

Corpus luteum

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24
Q

What does the corpus luteum secrete?

A

Progesterone and some estrogens

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25
Q

Where is the most desirable site for fertilization?

A

Uterine tube

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26
Q

Each mammary gland consists of how many lobes?

A

15-25

27
Q

What specifically produces milk during lactation?

A

Alveoli

28
Q

What is the storage chamber for milk?

A

Lactiferous sinus

29
Q

What do chief cells produce?

A

Pepsinogen

30
Q

What do parietal cells secrete?

A

HCl

31
Q

What part of the stomach does most of the digestive activity occur in?

A

Pyloric region

32
Q

The small intestine joins the large intestine at the…

A

Ileocecal valve

33
Q

Hydrolytic enzymes bound to the microvilli of the columnar epithelial cells

A

Brush border enzymes

34
Q

Where is bile formed?

A

Liver

35
Q

Where does nearly all nutrient absorption occur?

A

Small intestine

36
Q

What three structural modifications increase the absorptive surface of the mucosa?

A

The microvilli, villi, circular folds

37
Q

How long is the jejunum?

A

2.5 m

38
Q

How long is the ileum?

A

3.6 m

39
Q

How long is the large intestine?

A

1.5 m/ 5 ft

40
Q

Small pocket-like sacs of the large intestine

A

Haustra

41
Q

What is the major function of the large intestine?

A

Consolidate and propel unusable fecal matter toward the anus and eliminate it from the body

42
Q

What are the two other functions of the large intestine?

A
  1. Provides a site where intestinal bacteria manufacture vitamins B and K
  2. Reclaims most of the remaining water from indigested food
43
Q

Specialized cells in the outer margins of the pulp cavity that produce dentin

A

Odontoblasts

44
Q

A food mass is referred to as a…

A

Bolus

45
Q

What enzyme begins the digestion of starch?

A

Salivary amylase

46
Q

Parotid gland secretion is mainly…

A

Serous

47
Q

The submandibular gland secretes what?

A

Both mucin and serous

48
Q

The sublingual gland produces mostly….

A

Mucin

49
Q

The liver is suspended from the diaphragm by the…

A

Falciform ligament

50
Q

What is the function of bile?

A

To emulsify fat

51
Q

Where is bile stored?

A

Gallbladder

52
Q

A condition in which the liver is severely damaged and becomes hard and fibrous

A

Cirrhosis

53
Q

What are the structural and functional units of the liver?

A

Lobules

54
Q

What makes up the portal triad?

A

Portal arteriole (functional blood supply of liver), portal venule, and bile duct

55
Q

Bile is made by…

A

Hepatocytes

56
Q

Tiny canals which run between adjacent cells toward the bile duct branches in the triad regions

A

Bile canaliculi

57
Q

What does the pancreas produce?

A

Insulin and glucagon

58
Q

What are the gastric glands?

A

Chief cells and parietal cells

59
Q

Produces mucus; found in the submucosa of the small intestine

A

Duodenal glands

60
Q

Produces a product containing amylase that begins starch breakdown in the mouth

A

Salivary glands

61
Q

Produces many enzymes and an alkaline fluid that is secreted into the duodenum

A

Pancreas

62
Q

Produces bile that it secretes into the duodenum via the bile duct

A

Liver

63
Q

Produces HCl and pepsinogen

A

Gastric glands

64
Q

Found in the mucosa of the small intestine; produces intestinal juice

A

Intestinal crypts

BIO163 (18 decks)

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