Lab Practicum 3 Flashcards
The essential organs of reproduction are called the…
Gonads
What are the primary reproductive organs of the male?
Testes
What do the testes produce?
Sperm and male sex hormones
What is the approximate temperature inside the scrotum?
94 degrees Fahrenheit
What forms the duct system in the male reproductive system?
Epididymis, ductus deferens, the ejaculatory duct, and the urethra
Where do sperm mature?
Epididymis
The spermatic cord encloses what structures?
Ductus deferens, blood vessels, nerves
The ampulla empties into the…
Ejaculatory duct
What are considered the accessory glands of the male reproductive system?
Seminal glands, bulbo-urethral glands
The accessory glands produce what?
Seminal fluid
Why is seminal fluid alkaline?
Buffers the sperm against the acidity of the vagina
An increased number of cells results in an enlarged prostate
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Each testis is covered by a dense connective tissue capsule called what?
Tunica albuginea
The interstitial endocrine cells produce what?
Testosterone
Each lobe of the testis contains 1 to 4…
Seminiferous tubules
Where are sperm formed?
Seminiferous tubules
A fertilized egg is implanted in the… which houses the embryo or fetus during it’s development
Uterus
When a fertilized egg implants in the uterine tube, it leads to an…
Ectopic pregnancy
What is sloughed off during menstruation?
Functional layer of the endometrium
The distal ends of the tubes are funnel-shaped and have fingerlike projections called
Fimbriae
How long are the fallopian tubes?
10 cm
The internal female organs are all considered what except for the ovaries?
Retroperitoneal
Once the egg is ejected from the ovary, the ruptured follicle is converted to what?
Corpus luteum
What does the corpus luteum secrete?
Progesterone and some estrogens
Where is the most desirable site for fertilization?
Uterine tube
Each mammary gland consists of how many lobes?
15-25
What specifically produces milk during lactation?
Alveoli
What is the storage chamber for milk?
Lactiferous sinus
What do chief cells produce?
Pepsinogen
What do parietal cells secrete?
HCl
What part of the stomach does most of the digestive activity occur in?
Pyloric region
The small intestine joins the large intestine at the…
Ileocecal valve
Hydrolytic enzymes bound to the microvilli of the columnar epithelial cells
Brush border enzymes
Where is bile formed?
Liver
Where does nearly all nutrient absorption occur?
Small intestine
What three structural modifications increase the absorptive surface of the mucosa?
The microvilli, villi, circular folds
How long is the jejunum?
2.5 m
How long is the ileum?
3.6 m
How long is the large intestine?
1.5 m/ 5 ft
Small pocket-like sacs of the large intestine
Haustra
What is the major function of the large intestine?
Consolidate and propel unusable fecal matter toward the anus and eliminate it from the body
What are the two other functions of the large intestine?
- Provides a site where intestinal bacteria manufacture vitamins B and K
- Reclaims most of the remaining water from indigested food
Specialized cells in the outer margins of the pulp cavity that produce dentin
Odontoblasts
A food mass is referred to as a…
Bolus
What enzyme begins the digestion of starch?
Salivary amylase
Parotid gland secretion is mainly…
Serous
The submandibular gland secretes what?
Both mucin and serous
The sublingual gland produces mostly….
Mucin
The liver is suspended from the diaphragm by the…
Falciform ligament
What is the function of bile?
To emulsify fat
Where is bile stored?
Gallbladder
A condition in which the liver is severely damaged and becomes hard and fibrous
Cirrhosis
What are the structural and functional units of the liver?
Lobules
What makes up the portal triad?
Portal arteriole (functional blood supply of liver), portal venule, and bile duct
Bile is made by…
Hepatocytes
Tiny canals which run between adjacent cells toward the bile duct branches in the triad regions
Bile canaliculi
What does the pancreas produce?
Insulin and glucagon
What are the gastric glands?
Chief cells and parietal cells
Produces mucus; found in the submucosa of the small intestine
Duodenal glands
Produces a product containing amylase that begins starch breakdown in the mouth
Salivary glands
Produces many enzymes and an alkaline fluid that is secreted into the duodenum
Pancreas
Produces bile that it secretes into the duodenum via the bile duct
Liver
Produces HCl and pepsinogen
Gastric glands
Found in the mucosa of the small intestine; produces intestinal juice
Intestinal crypts
