Ch.19- Blood Vessels

Question 1

What are the main factors influencing blood pressure?

Answer 1

Cardiac output, peripheral resistance, blood volume

Question 2

Equation for Blood pressure is…

Answer 2

CO x PR

Question 3

A cluster of sympathetic neurons in the medulla that oversees changes in blood vessel diameter

Answer 3

Vasomotor center

Question 4

Vasomotor center plus the cardiac centers that integrate blood pressure control by altering cardiac output and blood vessel diameter

Answer 4

Cardiovascular center

Question 5

Cardiac output is determined by…

Answer 5

Venous return and neural and hormonal controls

Question 6

Stroke volume is controlled by…

Answer 6

Venous return

Question 7

Baroreceptors are stimulated by a change in…

Answer 7

Pressure

Question 8

Chemoreceptors are sensitive to…

Answer 8

Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels as well as pH

Question 9

Angiotensin II is what?

Answer 9

Produced from renin released by the kidneys and causes vasoconstriction

Question 10

What causes intense vasoconstriction in cases of extremely low BP?

Answer 10

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 11

Hypotension is what?

Answer 11

Low blood pressure where systolic pressure is below 100mmHg

Question 12

Hypertension is what?

Answer 12

Condition of sustained elevated arterial pressure of 140/90 or higher

Question 13

What are transient elevations and are they normal?

Answer 13

Increase in blood pressure due to fever, physical exertion, and emotional upset- yes normal

Question 14

What is chronic elevation and is it normal?

Answer 14

High blood pressure that is a major cause of heart failure, vascular disease, renal failure, and stroke- no not normal